biostudies-literatureUnknown14(7)Tsoi SKRoyal Children's Hospital FoundationRoche Diagnostics Australia and Siemens Healthineers AustraliaRoyal Children&apos;s Hospital Foundation<h4>Background</h4>Diagnostic criteria for acute rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, the 2 major autoimmune complications of Streptococcus pyogenes infection, include serological evidence of preceding infection. The S. pyogenes proteins, namely streptolysin O and deoxyribonuclease B, are the most widely used targets for clinical streptococcal serology. We aimed to establish age-based reference intervals (RIs) for healthy children in Victoria, Australia, to guide interpretation of anti-streptolysin O (ASO) levels measured by turbidimetry and nephelometry, and anti-deoxyribonuclease B (ADB) levels by nephelometry.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum samples were collected from healthy pediatric cohorts aged 32-week gestation to <18 years at 4 hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, betweeJournal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Societypiaf054https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12343097biostudies-literatureStreptococcal Serology Reference Intervals in an Australian Pediatric Cohort.PMC12343097Bazeley SSteer ACTran CAttard CHAPPI Kids Study TeamTsoi SKLee LYHearps SOsowicki JMonagle PKarlaftis VChoo SBurgess JChallen NfalseStreptococcal Serology Reference Intervals in an Australian Pediatric Cohort.<h4>Background</h4>Diagnostic criteria for acute rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, the 2 major autoimmune complications of Streptococcus pyogenes infection, include serological evidence of preceding infection. The S. pyogenes proteins, namely streptolysin O and deoxyribonuclease B, are the most widely used targets for clinical streptococcal serology. We aimed to establish age-based reference intervals (RIs) for healthy children in Victoria, Australia, to guide interpretation of anti-streptolysin O (ASO) levels measured by turbidimetry and nephelometry, and anti-deoxyribonuclease B (ADB) levels by nephelometry.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum samples were collected from healthy pediatric cohorts aged 32-week gestation to <18 years at 4 hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, betwee2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-05-03T21:52:34.236Z2026-04-07T19:38:20.471ZS-EPMC123430974047671510.1093/jpids/piaf054