biostudies-literatureUnknownUchida KJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceProtein lipidation, particularly palmitoylation (attachment of a 16-carbon fatty acid), regulates cellular behaviors by controlling protein function at lipid membranes. In this study, we prepared a series of lipidated green fluorescent proteins ("EGFP-lipids") with various alkyl chain lengths (C8 to C22). Using model lipid membranes and Jurkat (human T lymphocyte) cells, we evaluated how lipidation affects the membrane interactions and vesicular transport from the membrane of these protein-lipid constructs. Our findings demonstrate that elongation of the alkyl chain profoundly affects both lateral membrane diffusion and vesicular transport of the EGFP-lipids. Only artificially lipidated proteins that mimic <i>in vivo</i> lipidation exhibited cellular dynamics in response to external signalRSC chemical biologyhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12351397biostudies-literatureExploring the significance of palmitoylation using an artificial protein lipidation system.PMC12351397JP23KJ1739JP19H00841JP23H00247Shimokawa NShiomoto SGoto MUchida KWakabayashi RKamiya NToyofuku KOgushi NTanaka MTakagi MfalseExploring the significance of palmitoylation using an artificial protein lipidation system.Protein lipidation, particularly palmitoylation (attachment of a 16-carbon fatty acid), regulates cellular behaviors by controlling protein function at lipid membranes. In this study, we prepared a series of lipidated green fluorescent proteins ("EGFP-lipids") with various alkyl chain lengths (C8 to C22). Using model lipid membranes and Jurkat (human T lymphocyte) cells, we evaluated how lipidation affects the membrane interactions and vesicular transport from the membrane of these protein-lipid constructs. Our findings demonstrate that elongation of the alkyl chain profoundly affects both lateral membrane diffusion and vesicular transport of the EGFP-lipids. Only artificially lipidated proteins that mimic <i>in vivo</i> lipidation exhibited cellular dynamics in response to external signal2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-05-28T04:14:27.089Z2026-04-08T02:15:43.02ZS-EPMC123513974082186310.1039/d5cb00143a