biostudies-literatureZhou MNational Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)7645https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12357899biostudies-literatureUnknown16(1)Thermoelectric materials allow direct conversion between heat and electricity and may be useful for power generation or solid-state refrigeration. However, improving thermoelectric performance is challenging because of the strong coupling between the electrical and thermal transport properties. We demonstrate a new super-gravity-field re-melting fabrication technology that synergistically optimizes the thermoelectric performance. Using a super-gravity field, the brittle (Bi,Sb)₂Te₃ alloy undergoes unusual plastic deformation and forms mounts of microstructure defects, which is rarely observed in common fabrication process. As a result, the microstructure reconstruction and carrier concentration optimization were simultaneously realized, resulting in an ultra-low lattiNature communicationsUltrahigh thermoelectricity obtained in classical BiSbTe alloy processed under super-gravity.PMC1235789951872299Zhou MLi JFSong KJiang JLi JHu HPei JZhuang HSu HLi LZhang QWang LfalseUltrahigh thermoelectricity obtained in classical BiSbTe alloy processed under super-gravity.Thermoelectric materials allow direct conversion between heat and electricity and may be useful for power generation or solid-state refrigeration. However, improving thermoelectric performance is challenging because of the strong coupling between the electrical and thermal transport properties. We demonstrate a new super-gravity-field re-melting fabrication technology that synergistically optimizes the thermoelectric performance. Using a super-gravity field, the brittle (Bi,Sb)₂Te₃ alloy undergoes unusual plastic deformation and forms mounts of microstructure defects, which is rarely observed in common fabrication process. As a result, the microstructure reconstruction and carrier concentration optimization were simultaneously realized, resulting in an ultra-low latti2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-05-04T12:43:51.766Z2026-04-07T20:30:36.419ZS-EPMC123578994081896610.1038/s41467-025-62611-2