{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Chang HI"],"funding":["National Science and Technology Council"],"pagination":["194"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12366151"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["17(1)"],"pubmed_abstract":["<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Early and cost-effective identification of amyloid positivity is crucial for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. While amyloid PET is the gold standard, plasma biomarkers such as phosphorylated tau 217 (pTau217) provide a potential alternative. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of a combined-panel approach using machine learning models and evaluated the biomarker significance.<h4>Methods</h4>We enrolled 371 participants, including AD (n = 143), non-AD (n = 159), and cognitively unimpaired (CU, n = 69) controls. Combined panels of pTau217, pTau181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL), Aβ42/40, and total tau were measured prior to the amyloid PET scan. The multiclass logistic (LR) regression, support vector machines, decision trees, and random forests (RF)-were applied to classify amyloid positivity (A+) at all stages or at early clinical stages (1-3). In AD, we tested whether the biomarker may define the clinical stagings.<h4>Results</h4>When benchmarked against amyloid PET, plasma biomarker-based stratification achieves an optimal balance between diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The multi-class LR performed equivalently with RF model in identifying A+. The combined plasma panel reached an > 92% accuracy in identifying A+, with performance increasing to 93.4% at early clinical stages. We ranked the importance of individual biomarkers and pTau217 alone achieved comparable accuracy (> 90%) and was the top-ranked biomarker in the LR or RF model. NFL and GFAP correlated significantly with Mini-Mental State Examination; however, these plasma biomarkers did not enhance clinical staging stratification.<h4>Discussion</h4>The use of multiclass LR model enhances amyloid classification, particularly at earlier clinical stages. While the combined-panel approach is most accurate, pTau217 alone provides a cost-effective alternative for screening. These findings support the integration of plasma biomarkers and ML into clinical workflows for early detection and patient stratification."],"journal":["Alzheimer's research & therapy"],"pubmed_title":["Optimizing timing and cost-effective use of plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease."],"pmcid":["PMC12366151"],"funding_grant_id":["NSTC113-2321-B-182A-005"],"pubmed_authors":["Chang CC","Lin KJ","Huang KL","Chang HI","Huang CG","Huang CW","Huang SH","Ma MC"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Optimizing timing and cost-effective use of plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.","description":"<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Early and cost-effective identification of amyloid positivity is crucial for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. While amyloid PET is the gold standard, plasma biomarkers such as phosphorylated tau 217 (pTau217) provide a potential alternative. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of a combined-panel approach using machine learning models and evaluated the biomarker significance.<h4>Methods</h4>We enrolled 371 participants, including AD (n = 143), non-AD (n = 159), and cognitively unimpaired (CU, n = 69) controls. Combined panels of pTau217, pTau181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NFL), Aβ42/40, and total tau were measured prior to the amyloid PET scan. The multiclass logistic (LR) regression, support vector machines, decision trees, and random forests (RF)-were applied to classify amyloid positivity (A+) at all stages or at early clinical stages (1-3). In AD, we tested whether the biomarker may define the clinical stagings.<h4>Results</h4>When benchmarked against amyloid PET, plasma biomarker-based stratification achieves an optimal balance between diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The multi-class LR performed equivalently with RF model in identifying A+. The combined plasma panel reached an > 92% accuracy in identifying A+, with performance increasing to 93.4% at early clinical stages. We ranked the importance of individual biomarkers and pTau217 alone achieved comparable accuracy (> 90%) and was the top-ranked biomarker in the LR or RF model. NFL and GFAP correlated significantly with Mini-Mental State Examination; however, these plasma biomarkers did not enhance clinical staging stratification.<h4>Discussion</h4>The use of multiclass LR model enhances amyloid classification, particularly at earlier clinical stages. While the combined-panel approach is most accurate, pTau217 alone provides a cost-effective alternative for screening. These findings support the integration of plasma biomarkers and ML into clinical workflows for early detection and patient stratification.","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Aug","modification":"2026-05-29T15:04:29.224Z","creation":"2026-04-08T05:11:54.687Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12366151","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40830505"],"doi":["10.1186/s13195-025-01851-2"]}}