biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)Berlinger MSSepsis, a condition characterized by immune dysregulation, is the leading cause of in-hospital mortality and requires rapid treatment. Assessing immune dysregulation has been challenging. The IntelliSep Index (ISI), a novel biomarker which leverages microfluidic deformability cytometry to assess immune activation, has been evaluated as a test for Emergency Department use but it is unclear how the signal evolves as patient condition evolves. In a 47-patient cohort with hospital stays ≤ 14 days, ISI provided a good indicator of disease progression by blinded physician review. ISI trends correlated with clinical improvement over time. During the first 12 h following presentation, ISI was unaffected by antibiotic treatment initiated in the emergency department (ED). After this period however, Scientific reports30501https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12368155biostudies-literatureTemporal trends of a cellular host response test for sepsis and a comparison with selected biomarkers of inflammation and infection.PMC12368155Ochsner SPO'Neal HRDaigle JAvornu GWalker JECembellin-Kao AMaia QSorrells MQuiriarte HShah AMThomas CBBerlinger MSRothman RSheybani RTse HTKJagneaux TScoggins RKing CFenstermacher KKurien EJYonamine CSpielmann GRobertson DHager DNKim YObrebski MfalseTemporal trends of a cellular host response test for sepsis and a comparison with selected biomarkers of inflammation and infection.Sepsis, a condition characterized by immune dysregulation, is the leading cause of in-hospital mortality and requires rapid treatment. Assessing immune dysregulation has been challenging. The IntelliSep Index (ISI), a novel biomarker which leverages microfluidic deformability cytometry to assess immune activation, has been evaluated as a test for Emergency Department use but it is unclear how the signal evolves as patient condition evolves. In a 47-patient cohort with hospital stays ≤ 14 days, ISI provided a good indicator of disease progression by blinded physician review. ISI trends correlated with clinical improvement over time. During the first 12 h following presentation, ISI was unaffected by antibiotic treatment initiated in the emergency department (ED). After this period however, 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-05-05T19:02:23.789Z2026-04-07T21:50:57.419ZS-EPMC123681554083605210.1038/s41598-025-14860-w