{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["van den Bosch ICG"],"funding":["European Research Council","Dutch Research Council (NWO)"],"pagination":["eadw6673"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12372890"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["11(34)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Innovative approaches to study buried interfaces and heterogeneous interactions under reaction conditions are crucial for advancing energy and catalytic materials. Our near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) setup is equipped with a tricolor x-ray source, with Al Kα, Ag Lα, and Cr Kα excitation energies, enabling information depth-selective operando and in situ analysis of solid-liquid, solid-gas, and solid-solid interfaces. We present three case studies to demonstrate the systems' capabilities. First, we compare experimental depth profiling of a LaMnO3/LaFeO3/Nb:SrTiO3 multilayer with SESSA (simulation of electron spectra for surface analysis) simulations. Second, we examine the oxidation and reduction of FexOy as a function of environment and temperature. Last, the Pt/liquid electrolyte interface is examined, revealing surface oxidation in the absence of bulk oxidation. As our results confirm, the unique combination of a NAP-XPS with the tricolor x-ray source empowers laboratory-based in situ and operando XPS characterization of advanced materials under reaction conditions in a wide range of applications."],"journal":["Science advances"],"pubmed_title":["Laboratory-based in situ and operando tricolor x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy."],"pmcid":["PMC12372890"],"funding_grant_id":["101040669","175.2019.001"],"pubmed_authors":["Dietrich PM","Ratovskii V","Koster G","Bu Y","Shterk G","Hamed MH","Zaman JU","Schneider M","Baeumer C","van den Bosch ICG"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Laboratory-based in situ and operando tricolor x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.","description":"Innovative approaches to study buried interfaces and heterogeneous interactions under reaction conditions are crucial for advancing energy and catalytic materials. Our near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) setup is equipped with a tricolor x-ray source, with Al Kα, Ag Lα, and Cr Kα excitation energies, enabling information depth-selective operando and in situ analysis of solid-liquid, solid-gas, and solid-solid interfaces. We present three case studies to demonstrate the systems' capabilities. First, we compare experimental depth profiling of a LaMnO3/LaFeO3/Nb:SrTiO3 multilayer with SESSA (simulation of electron spectra for surface analysis) simulations. Second, we examine the oxidation and reduction of FexOy as a function of environment and temperature. Last, the Pt/liquid electrolyte interface is examined, revealing surface oxidation in the absence of bulk oxidation. As our results confirm, the unique combination of a NAP-XPS with the tricolor x-ray source empowers laboratory-based in situ and operando XPS characterization of advanced materials under reaction conditions in a wide range of applications.","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Aug","modification":"2026-05-08T10:50:15.448Z","creation":"2026-05-03T03:05:50.26Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12372890","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40845114"],"doi":["10.1126/sciadv.adw6673"]}}