biostudies-literatureJi JFundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesStart-Up Funds of Introduced Talent in Lanzhou UniversityNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Gansu Province183https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12375036biostudies-literatureUnknown9(1)Reducing intestinal absorption by degrading purine nucleosides has been shown to alleviate hyperuricemia (HUA). The probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici GR-5, derived from the traditional food "Jiangshui", achieved efficient degradation of purine nucleosides through its unique purine nucleoside phosphorylase-DeoD. In the purine nucleosides-induced HUA mouse model, GR-5 treatment reduced serum uric acid (UA) by about 52.17%. GR-5 may improves tissue inflammatory damage by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway, and restored the intestinal barrier by increasing tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 expression, which outperforming the allopurinol. The mechanism of UA reduction may also involves inhibiting UA synthase activity and regulating UA transporters level. GR-5 colonization in intestine increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, improved the metabolism of purine, tryptophan and bile acid by gut microbiota, and increased the level of SCFAs. Overall, GR-5 may be a potential preventive agent for improving HUA and is expected to provide a healthy option for preventing diet-induced HUA.NPJ science of foodPediococcus acidilactici GR-5 alleviates hyperuricemia by degrading purine nucleosides and improving gut microbiota metabolism.PMC1237503656112022024ZDWA00524JRRA51932300049lzujbky-2023-pd1132370110Li XSalama ESAn ZYYun HJin WLLiu PKhan AKulshreshtha SJi JPeng LfalsePediococcus acidilactici GR-5 alleviates hyperuricemia by degrading purine nucleosides and improving gut microbiota metabolism.Reducing intestinal absorption by degrading purine nucleosides has been shown to alleviate hyperuricemia (HUA). The probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici GR-5, derived from the traditional food "Jiangshui", achieved efficient degradation of purine nucleosides through its unique purine nucleoside phosphorylase-DeoD. In the purine nucleosides-induced HUA mouse model, GR-5 treatment reduced serum uric acid (UA) by about 52.17%. GR-5 may improves tissue inflammatory damage by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway, and restored the intestinal barrier by increasing tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 expression, which outperforming the allopurinol. The mechanism of UA reduction may also involves inhibiting UA synthase activity and regulating UA transporters level. GR-5 colonization in intestine increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, improved the metabolism of purine, tryptophan and bile acid by gut microbiota, and increased the level of SCFAs. Overall, GR-5 may be a potential preventive agent for improving HUA and is expected to provide a healthy option for preventing diet-induced HUA.2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Aug2026-05-09T17:48:54.183Z2026-04-08T01:08:16.572ZS-EPMC123750364084952710.1038/s41538-025-00556-y