{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Guan Y"],"funding":["Shenzhen Natural Science Fund","National Natural Science Foundation of China"],"pagination":["e05246"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12376591"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["12(31)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Approximately 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by seawater, making the ocean ideal for harvesting energy. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), due to their low cost and simple structure, are well-suited for capturing ocean energy. However, their low charge transfer under weak inputs limits efficiency in harvesting random and ultra-low-frequency wave energy. This paper proposes a novel bistable multi-layer TENG (BM-TENG) to address this challenge for self-powered wireless sensing and lighting. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that both in intra-well and inter-well motions, the bistable mechanism enhances the dynamic responses and thus the power output by up to 48%. Furthermore, the multi-layer design within the constrained structure significantly boosts the power density. Experimental results show 730 V peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage and 5 mW maximum power in a three-layer BM-TENG under the excitation of 0.6 Hz and 0.18 g. The normalized power density of the proposed device is 54.9 Wm<sup>-3</sup>·Hz<sup>-1</sup>, surpassing the state-of-the-art results in literature. The application test shows that BM-TENG can successfully power 296 LEDs for ocean warning lighting, and power Bluetooth wireless sensors for monitoring marine environmental variables. This work introduces a novel and highly efficient self-powered sensing technique for advancements in marine Internet of Things (IoT) systems."],"journal":["Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)"],"pubmed_title":["Bistable Multi-Layer Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Random and Ultra-Low-Frequency Vibration Energy with Increased Charge Transfer."],"pmcid":["PMC12376591"],"funding_grant_id":["52375112","JCYJ20230808105206013","52205114"],"pubmed_authors":["Li X","Guan Y","Lai Z","Xiao M","Fang S","Wei Z","Dong S","Yurchenko D"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Bistable Multi-Layer Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Random and Ultra-Low-Frequency Vibration Energy with Increased Charge Transfer.","description":"Approximately 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by seawater, making the ocean ideal for harvesting energy. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), due to their low cost and simple structure, are well-suited for capturing ocean energy. However, their low charge transfer under weak inputs limits efficiency in harvesting random and ultra-low-frequency wave energy. This paper proposes a novel bistable multi-layer TENG (BM-TENG) to address this challenge for self-powered wireless sensing and lighting. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that both in intra-well and inter-well motions, the bistable mechanism enhances the dynamic responses and thus the power output by up to 48%. Furthermore, the multi-layer design within the constrained structure significantly boosts the power density. Experimental results show 730 V peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage and 5 mW maximum power in a three-layer BM-TENG under the excitation of 0.6 Hz and 0.18 g. The normalized power density of the proposed device is 54.9 Wm<sup>-3</sup>·Hz<sup>-1</sup>, surpassing the state-of-the-art results in literature. The application test shows that BM-TENG can successfully power 296 LEDs for ocean warning lighting, and power Bluetooth wireless sensors for monitoring marine environmental variables. This work introduces a novel and highly efficient self-powered sensing technique for advancements in marine Internet of Things (IoT) systems.","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Aug","modification":"2026-05-09T19:08:19.444Z","creation":"2026-04-08T01:09:56.742Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12376591","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40552407"],"doi":["10.1002/advs.202505246"]}}