{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Song Z"],"funding":["Agency for Science, Technology and Research","A*STAR","Singapore MOE Tier 1"],"pagination":["e2503247"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12376671"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["12(30)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Defecation, a fundamental physiological process, remains underexplored despite its importance in human health. To address this gap, a smart toilet system is developed that enables real-time monitoring of defecation behaviors. Analyzing 45 defecation events from 11 participants, key defecation parameters are identified, including stool dropping duration, stool thickness, and eu-tenesmus interval. Stool dropping duration follows a log-normal distribution, with longer durations (>5 s) linked to lower Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) scores, suggesting constipation (p = 0.008 for BSFS1/2/3 vs BSFS5/6/7). Stool thickness decreases with increasing BSFS scores (p = 5 × 10⁻⁶ for BSFS1/2/3 vs BSFS5/6/7), validating its role as an objective marker for bowel function. Eu-tenesmus is introduced, define"],"journal":["Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)"],"pubmed_title":["AI-Driven Defecation Analysis by Smart Healthcare Toilet: Exploring Biometric Patterns and Eu-Tenesmus."],"pmcid":["PMC12376671"],"funding_grant_id":["RS29/23","M24N9b0119"],"pubmed_authors":["Park SM","Wong SH","Kwon T","Rogalla S","Lee J","Choi HS","Jun BH","Rosen MJ","Won DD","Ziyang JK","Kim S","Lee BJ","Park WG","Hu DL","Song Z","Liao JC","Sonu I"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"AI-Driven Defecation Analysis by Smart Healthcare Toilet: Exploring Biometric Patterns and Eu-Tenesmus.","description":"Defecation, a fundamental physiological process, remains underexplored despite its importance in human health. To address this gap, a smart toilet system is developed that enables real-time monitoring of defecation behaviors. Analyzing 45 defecation events from 11 participants, key defecation parameters are identified, including stool dropping duration, stool thickness, and eu-tenesmus interval. Stool dropping duration follows a log-normal distribution, with longer durations (>5 s) linked to lower Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) scores, suggesting constipation (p = 0.008 for BSFS1/2/3 vs BSFS5/6/7). Stool thickness decreases with increasing BSFS scores (p = 5 × 10⁻⁶ for BSFS1/2/3 vs BSFS5/6/7), validating its role as an objective marker for bowel function. Eu-tenesmus is introduced, define","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Aug","modification":"2026-05-09T19:08:25.836Z","creation":"2026-04-08T01:09:59Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12376671","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40349171"],"doi":["10.1002/advs.202503247"]}}