{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["von der Heyde B"],"funding":["John Templeton Foundation (JTF)","Wellcome Trust"],"pagination":["e2425759122"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12377771"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["122(33)"],"pubmed_abstract":["The evolution of multicellularity involved the transformation of a simple cell wall of unicellular ancestors into a complex, multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM). A suitable model organism to study the formation and expansion of an ECM during ontogenesis is the multicellular green alga <i>Volvox carteri</i>, which, along with the related volvocine algae, produces a complex, self-organized ECM composed of multiple substructures. These self-assembled structures primarily consist of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a major component of which is pherophorins. To investigate the geometry of the growing ECM, we fused the <i>yfp</i> gene with the gene for pherophorin II (PhII) in <i>V. carteri</i>. Confocal microscopy reveals PhII:YFP localization at key ECM structures, including the boun"],"journal":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"],"pubmed_title":["Spatiotemporal distribution of the glycoprotein pherophorin II reveals stochastic geometry of the growing ECM of &lt;i&gt;Volvox carteri&lt;/i&gt;."],"pmcid":["PMC12377771"],"funding_grant_id":["62220","307079/Z/23/Z","207510/Z/17/Z"],"pubmed_authors":["von der Heyde EL","Hohn SSMH","Goldstein RE","von der Heyde B","Srinivasan A","Birwa SK","Hallmann A"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Spatiotemporal distribution of the glycoprotein pherophorin II reveals stochastic geometry of the growing ECM of &lt;i&gt;Volvox carteri&lt;/i&gt;.","description":"The evolution of multicellularity involved the transformation of a simple cell wall of unicellular ancestors into a complex, multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM). A suitable model organism to study the formation and expansion of an ECM during ontogenesis is the multicellular green alga <i>Volvox carteri</i>, which, along with the related volvocine algae, produces a complex, self-organized ECM composed of multiple substructures. These self-assembled structures primarily consist of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a major component of which is pherophorins. To investigate the geometry of the growing ECM, we fused the <i>yfp</i> gene with the gene for pherophorin II (PhII) in <i>V. carteri</i>. Confocal microscopy reveals PhII:YFP localization at key ECM structures, including the boun","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Aug","modification":"2026-05-10T04:26:45.789Z","creation":"2026-04-08T01:29:31.24Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12377771","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40794838"],"doi":["10.1073/pnas.2425759122"]}}