biostudies-literatureLi QAgricultural Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial (Xingfeng Shao)National Science Foundation of China (Feng Xu)State Key Laboratory for the Quality and Safety of Agro-products (Yingying Wei)3524-3539https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12392935biostudies-literatureUnknown23(9)Transcription factors MYC2 and JAMs play a crucial role in regulating disease resistance in model plants. However, their regulatory mechanisms of disease resistance in non-model plants, particularly in postharvest fruits, remain largely unknown. In this study, we observed that PpMYC2 expression was up-regulated in peach fruit following infection by Monilinia fructicola, while the expressions of PpJAM2/3 were down-regulated. Furthermore, we found that PpMYC2 positively regulated the resistance against M. fructicola, whereas PpJAM2/3 negatively regulated it. Through a combined DNA affinity purification and RNA sequencing analysis for PpMYC2, we identified lignin synthesis genes (PpPAL1, PpC4H, Pp4CL1, PpCSE and PpCCoAOMT1) as candidate target genes. Subsequent assays, including dual-luciferaPlant biotechnology journalPpMYC2 and PpJAM2/3 antagonistically regulate lignin synthesis to cope with the disease in peach fruit.PMC123929352024SNJF025U23A202642021DG700024-KF202423Shao XChen JLi QChen YJiang SXu FWei YYe JfalsePpMYC2 and PpJAM2/3 antagonistically regulate lignin synthesis to cope with the disease in peach fruit.Transcription factors MYC2 and JAMs play a crucial role in regulating disease resistance in model plants. However, their regulatory mechanisms of disease resistance in non-model plants, particularly in postharvest fruits, remain largely unknown. In this study, we observed that PpMYC2 expression was up-regulated in peach fruit following infection by Monilinia fructicola, while the expressions of PpJAM2/3 were down-regulated. Furthermore, we found that PpMYC2 positively regulated the resistance against M. fructicola, whereas PpJAM2/3 negatively regulated it. Through a combined DNA affinity purification and RNA sequencing analysis for PpMYC2, we identified lignin synthesis genes (PpPAL1, PpC4H, Pp4CL1, PpCSE and PpCCoAOMT1) as candidate target genes. Subsequent assays, including dual-lucifera2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-05-27T21:12:48.071Z2026-04-08T01:50:35.616ZS-EPMC123929354046814510.1111/pbi.70177