biostudies-literatureFu SNatural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation)National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province1457-1464https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12404993biostudies-literatureUnknown24(9)Hot carriers, inheriting excess kinetic energy from high-energy photons, drive numerous optoelectronic applications reliant on non-equilibrium transport processes. Although extensively studied in inorganic materials, their potential in organic-based systems remains largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate highly mobile hot carriers in crystalline two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer Cu₃BHT (BHT, benzenehexathiol) films. Leveraging a suite of ultrafast spectroscopic and imaging techniques, we map the microscopic charge transport landscape in Cu₃BHT films following non-equilibrium photoexcitation across temporal, spatial and frequency domains, revealing two distinct high-mobility transport regimes. In the non-equilibrium regime, hot carriers achieve an ultrahiNature materialsUnveiling high-mobility hot carriers in a two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer.PMC12404993tsqn20190904722472085ZR2023JQ00522272092Hambsch MFu SZhang JLiu MFeng XZhang HKaiser UGao GLi KDong RZhang WParkin SSPBonn MHuang XGao LSt Petkov PGao WMannsfeld SCBWang ZZhu TWang HIfalseUnveiling high-mobility hot carriers in a two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer.Hot carriers, inheriting excess kinetic energy from high-energy photons, drive numerous optoelectronic applications reliant on non-equilibrium transport processes. Although extensively studied in inorganic materials, their potential in organic-based systems remains largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate highly mobile hot carriers in crystalline two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer Cu₃BHT (BHT, benzenehexathiol) films. Leveraging a suite of ultrafast spectroscopic and imaging techniques, we map the microscopic charge transport landscape in Cu₃BHT films following non-equilibrium photoexcitation across temporal, spatial and frequency domains, revealing two distinct high-mobility transport regimes. In the non-equilibrium regime, hot carriers achieve an ultrahi2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-05-29T21:45:24.359Z2026-04-08T06:08:40.43ZS-EPMC124049934036087110.1038/s41563-025-02246-2