biostudies-literatureWang JDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)e2508018122https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12415192biostudies-literatureUnknown122(35)The plant immune system utilizes nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins to detect pathogen virulence factors (effectors) inside host cells and transduce recognition to rapid defense. In dicotyledenous plants, pathogen activated Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-containing NLRs (TNLs) establish a signaling network of enhanced susceptibility 1 (EDS1)-family dimers with RPW8-type coiled-coil (CC_R) domain NLRs (RNLs) to stimulate transcriptional reprogramming leading to host cell death and pathogen restriction. Evidence suggests that TNL- and EDS1-activated RNLs function as oligomeric Ca²⁺ permeable ion channels at the plasma membrane. However, the downstream processes for immunity execution are poorly understood. Here, we studied pathogen effector-triggeredProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaCoordinated actions of NLR-assembled and glutamate receptor-like calcium channels in plant effector-triggered immunity.PMC12415192SFB-1403-414786233Parker JEShen QMaekawa TMartin-Ramirez SPrakken ASun XBautor JWang JXiong FLee TLapin DfalseCoordinated actions of NLR-assembled and glutamate receptor-like calcium channels in plant effector-triggered immunity.The plant immune system utilizes nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins to detect pathogen virulence factors (effectors) inside host cells and transduce recognition to rapid defense. In dicotyledenous plants, pathogen activated Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-containing NLRs (TNLs) establish a signaling network of enhanced susceptibility 1 (EDS1)-family dimers with RPW8-type coiled-coil (CC_R) domain NLRs (RNLs) to stimulate transcriptional reprogramming leading to host cell death and pathogen restriction. Evidence suggests that TNL- and EDS1-activated RNLs function as oligomeric Ca²⁺ permeable ion channels at the plasma membrane. However, the downstream processes for immunity execution are poorly understood. Here, we studied pathogen effector-triggered2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-06-02T02:45:18.95Z2026-05-25T03:06:35.213ZS-EPMC124151924084480810.1073/pnas.2508018122