biostudies-literatureUnknown10(10)Kung KN<i>Phyllostachys lithophila</i> Hayata 1916 is a unique bamboo species endemic to Taiwan, typically found at elevations ranging from 500 to 1,500 meters. This study provides a detailed analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of <i>P. lithophila</i> for the first time. The genome spans 139,664 base pairs (bp) and consists of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,192 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 12,869 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions, each 21,798 bp in length. The plastid genome encodes a total of 129 genes, including 83 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that <i>P. lithophila</i> shares a closer phylogenetic relationship with species of <i>Phyllostachys</i> within the Arundinarieae tribe, while being phylogenetically distinct from the morphologically similar <i>P. makinoi</i>.Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources927-931https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12416004biostudies-literaturePhylogenomic insights from the complete chloroplast genome of <i>Phyllostachys lithophila</i> (poaceae: bambusoideae: arundinarieae) in Taiwan.PMC12416004Kung KNChang KCZu NLChang TPJian ZCfalsePhylogenomic insights from the complete chloroplast genome of <i>Phyllostachys lithophila</i> (poaceae: bambusoideae: arundinarieae) in Taiwan.<i>Phyllostachys lithophila</i> Hayata 1916 is a unique bamboo species endemic to Taiwan, typically found at elevations ranging from 500 to 1,500 meters. This study provides a detailed analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of <i>P. lithophila</i> for the first time. The genome spans 139,664 base pairs (bp) and consists of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,192 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 12,869 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions, each 21,798 bp in length. The plastid genome encodes a total of 129 genes, including 83 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that <i>P. lithophila</i> shares a closer phylogenetic relationship with species of <i>Phyllostachys</i> within the Arundinarieae tribe, while being phylogenetically distinct from the morphologically similar <i>P. makinoi</i>.2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-04-08T19:35:43.528Z2026-04-08T14:02:04.169ZS-EPMC124160044092774310.1080/23802359.2025.2556006