biostudies-literatureUnknown645(8080)Hurowitz JAThe Perseverance rover has explored and sampled igneous and sedimentary rocks within Jezero Crater to characterize early Martian geological processes and habitability and search for potential biosignatures^1-7. Upon entering Neretva Vallis, on Jezero Crater's western edge⁸, Perseverance investigated distinctive mudstone and conglomerate outcrops of the Bright Angel formation. Here we report a detailed geological, petrographic and geochemical survey of these rocks and show that organic-carbon-bearing mudstones in the Bright Angel formation contain submillimetre-scale nodules and millimetre-scale reaction fronts enriched in ferrous iron phosphate and sulfide minerals, likely vivianite and greigite, respectively. This organic carbon appears to have participated in post-deNature332-340https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12422973biostudies-literatureRedox-driven mineral and organic associations in Jezero Crater, Mars.PMC12422973Bell JFCable MLBernard SPhelan NJorgensen PSWiens RCManrique JASiebach KLTreiman AHBarr PADehouck EBenzerara KHand KPTosca NJClave EO'Neil LPDavidoff SCaravaca GGarczynski BKizovski TVHausrath EMRice MSPaar GSchulte MDWeiss BPBroz APSharma SPaige DABeck PKah LCBarnes RBeyssac OCloutis EAFarley KAMangold NJones AJMoreland ELRussell POrenstein BJWilliford KHWade LAHuggett JEHerd CDKScheller ESchmidt MEMcCubbin FMBosak TLi AYFlannery DTJorgensen JLMaki JNHickman-Lewis KHamran SEBrown AJSrivastava AJones MWMBechtold ALiu YNunez JIShuster DLVanBommel SJSteele AMandon LSiljestrom SPascuzzo ACMurphy AEJohnson JRUckert KHurowitz JAFouchet TCousin AWolf ZUGupta SStack KMWogsland BVHeirwegh CMAllwood ACKlevang DAFornaro TKalucha HTice MMBhartia RGomez FLee SWSimon JIMartinez-Frias JFairen AGQuantin-Nataf CCardarelli ELfalseRedox-driven mineral and organic associations in Jezero Crater, Mars.The Perseverance rover has explored and sampled igneous and sedimentary rocks within Jezero Crater to characterize early Martian geological processes and habitability and search for potential biosignatures^1-7. Upon entering Neretva Vallis, on Jezero Crater's western edge⁸, Perseverance investigated distinctive mudstone and conglomerate outcrops of the Bright Angel formation. Here we report a detailed geological, petrographic and geochemical survey of these rocks and show that organic-carbon-bearing mudstones in the Bright Angel formation contain submillimetre-scale nodules and millimetre-scale reaction fronts enriched in ferrous iron phosphate and sulfide minerals, likely vivianite and greigite, respectively. This organic carbon appears to have participated in post-de2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-06-01T23:34:22.754Z2026-05-23T03:08:04.537ZS-EPMC124229734093115210.1038/s41586-025-09413-0