{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["645(8080)"],"submitter":["Kalinin KP"],"pubmed_abstract":["Artificial intelligence (AI) and combinatorial optimization drive applications across science and industry, but their increasing energy demands challenge the sustainability of digital computing. Most unconventional computing systems<sup>1-7</sup> target either AI or optimization workloads and rely on frequent, energy-intensive digital conversions, limiting efficiency. These systems also face application-hardware mismatches, whether handling memory-bottlenecked neural models, mapping real-world optimization problems or contending with inherent analog noise. Here we introduce an analog optical computer (AOC) that combines analog electronics and three-dimensional optics to accelerate AI inference and combinatorial optimization in a single platform. This dual-domain capability is enabled by a "],"journal":["Nature"],"pagination":["354-361"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12422976"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Analog optical computer for AI inference and combinatorial optimization."],"pmcid":["PMC12422976"],"pubmed_authors":["Rowstron A","Clegg JH","Canakci B","Rajmohan S","Kremer H","Khedekar S","Kelly DJ","Falck F","Ruhle V","Ballani H","Gladrow J","Kalinin KP","O'Shea G","Berloff NG","Cletheroe D","Braine L","Gkantsidis C","Parmigiani F","Brennan G","Rahmani B","Chu J","Hansen M","Kleewein J","Pickup L"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Analog optical computer for AI inference and combinatorial optimization.","description":"Artificial intelligence (AI) and combinatorial optimization drive applications across science and industry, but their increasing energy demands challenge the sustainability of digital computing. Most unconventional computing systems<sup>1-7</sup> target either AI or optimization workloads and rely on frequent, energy-intensive digital conversions, limiting efficiency. These systems also face application-hardware mismatches, whether handling memory-bottlenecked neural models, mapping real-world optimization problems or contending with inherent analog noise. Here we introduce an analog optical computer (AOC) that combines analog electronics and three-dimensional optics to accelerate AI inference and combinatorial optimization in a single platform. This dual-domain capability is enabled by a ","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Sep","modification":"2026-06-03T02:21:27.56Z","creation":"2026-04-23T03:10:24.413Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12422976","cross_references":{"pubmed":["40903585"],"doi":["10.1038/s41586-025-09430-z"]}}