biostudies-literatureLi YNatural Science Foundation of Hunan ProvinceBeijing Health Promotion AssociationNational Key Research and Development Program of Chinae0328743https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12425316biostudies-literatureUnknown20(9)<h4>Background</h4>Extensive research has demonstrated the detrimental effects of COVID-19 on maternal-fetal outcomes. However, few studies have examined the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection before and during organogenesis on human embryo implantation and subsequent development. Additionally, the influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the endometrial microenvironment, which is critical for embryo implantation, remains poorly understood. This study seeks to address these gaps in knowledge.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We prospectively enrolled 971 participants undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) during the final two months of 2022, coinciding with the nationwide COVID19 outbreak following the end of China's Zero-Covid policy. Patients undergoing FET during this period were at high risk of SARS-PloS oneInfluence of SARS-CoV-2 infection before and during organogenesis on embryo implantation and development outcomes: A prospective cohort observational study.PMC12425316BJHPA-2022-SHZHYXZHQNYJ-JICH-0062022JJ309832021YFC2700404Li YLu XZhang JLiao HHuang XFu JYang FZhang QMao ZfalseInfluence of SARS-CoV-2 infection before and during organogenesis on embryo implantation and development outcomes: A prospective cohort observational study.<h4>Background</h4>Extensive research has demonstrated the detrimental effects of COVID-19 on maternal-fetal outcomes. However, few studies have examined the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection before and during organogenesis on human embryo implantation and subsequent development. Additionally, the influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the endometrial microenvironment, which is critical for embryo implantation, remains poorly understood. This study seeks to address these gaps in knowledge.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We prospectively enrolled 971 participants undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) during the final two months of 2022, coinciding with the nationwide COVID19 outbreak following the end of China's Zero-Covid policy. Patients undergoing FET during this period were at high risk of SARS-2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-03T02:30:03.427Z2026-04-23T03:10:07.779ZS-EPMC124253164093417410.1371/journal.pone.0328743