biostudies-literatureUnknown15Cao Y<h4>Background</h4>The combination of low-dose nivolumab with triple metronomic chemotherapy (TMC-I) proposes a novel approach, potentially enhancing patient prognosis while mitigating financial barriers. The purpose of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of TMC-I compared to triple metronomic chemotherapy (TMC) in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in China, the largest developing country.<h4>Methods</h4>A partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed based on a randomized clinical trial. Costs and utility were derived from open-access databases and literatures. The primary outcome was incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). A willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of ¥44,679/QALY based on supply-side and ¥134,037/QALY based on demand-side were Frontiers in oncology1542792https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12433840biostudies-literatureCost-effectiveness analysis of the combination of low-dose nivolumab with triple metronomic chemotherapy for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in China.PMC12433840Fang YCao YShi FWei XHan SfalseCost-effectiveness analysis of the combination of low-dose nivolumab with triple metronomic chemotherapy for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in China.<h4>Background</h4>The combination of low-dose nivolumab with triple metronomic chemotherapy (TMC-I) proposes a novel approach, potentially enhancing patient prognosis while mitigating financial barriers. The purpose of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of TMC-I compared to triple metronomic chemotherapy (TMC) in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in China, the largest developing country.<h4>Methods</h4>A partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed based on a randomized clinical trial. Costs and utility were derived from open-access databases and literatures. The primary outcome was incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). A willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of ¥44,679/QALY based on supply-side and ¥134,037/QALY based on demand-side were 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-04-08T19:54:35.338Z2026-04-08T14:36:18.936ZS-EPMC124338404095888110.3389/fonc.2025.1542792