biostudies-literatureUnknown8(9)Sonneville R<h4>Importance</h4>Functional outcomes and long-term recovery after severe encephalitis are not well characterized.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the incidence of functional disability or death at 3 months and to describe recovery trajectories through 1 year after encephalitis.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted across 31 French centers from October 2017 to April 2021 and included adults with probable or confirmed encephalitis and clear cerebrospinal fluid findings requiring care in the intensive care unit. Data analysis was performed between May 2023 and June 2025.<h4>Exposure</h4>Causes of encephalitis were categorized into 4 different groups: infectious, autoimmune, other causes, and unknown origin.<h4>Main outcomes and measuJAMA network opene2532478https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12447255biostudies-literatureOutcomes of Critically Ill Adult Patients With Acute Encephalitis.PMC12447255Cravoisy-Popovic ABesset SMaury EPeju EDemiselle JLaurichesse GHraiech SHonnorat JAsfar PMathieu RBruel CGavaud AOttavy GLiteaudon JMOlivier PYMaksud ANseir SGendreau SZucman NBertrix MDumont LMSinnah FMekontso Dessap ADailler FWicky PHTimsit JFBenghanem SPriour IJulien HSilva SLavallee PCMayaux JMiailhe AFMira JPEstellat CDE MEMasi PPrat GLegouy CRambaud TBaudry TFerre ACao AGrapin KBeuret PFreita-Ramos SAit HZJaubert PArgaud LMigueres HLegriel SCavaleiro PBerti EBachelier CSayagh FDemiri SMonseau GLaurent VCadoz CDupuis CMerceron SNavellou JCCariou AZambon OChiche JDLaghlam DJaquet PLamouche-Wilquin PTonnelier JMVoiriot GBourcier SLE GLGuidet BEl KACouhault PGacouin AUhel FAdda MJozwiak MHariri GFaure MZafrani LHaudebourg LCerf CCanet ERenault AKouatchet ALemarie JVeinstein ADegroote TKinda FEsposito-Farese MContou DDa Silva DGibot SLacave GMariotte EGuervilly CWeiss NDemeret SVerney CSouweine BAbdel-Nabey MBige NDecavele MLopinto JNguyen BLRohaut BBouzgarrou RHartman ONace LBorel MDA SDConrad MDupeyrat JBenais MLefevre LToussaint AMartin OChatellier DLascarrou JBMartin MBruneel FBollaert PEBeloncle FLecronier MSarton BPerier FThille AWCoudroy RCarrillon RCouffignal CTuffet SFederici LMortaza SAnzano VBeringuer HDeleris RVinour HMarie DMercat ARazazi KPhilippart FCreutin TBenelli BMaamar AKerhuel LBertier ADupland PCharpentier JGarret CLouis GGarin AArrestier RUrbina TCoiffard BClerc STran MDres MTerzi NDaviet FNeuville MCoupez EHebraud JCalvet LLemerle MBoucly AMazerand SMorawiec EHallard MPresente SBendib INemlaghi SBoissier FCrosby LReizine FGodard VRitzenthaler TLuyt CEVan Der Meersch GBailly PRoux DGhrenassia EBeurton AHaudebourg AFMichaud GRobert ABouadma LBureau CPouly OVolkov LGaci RENCEPHALITICA Investigator Study GroupSonneville RBagate FFranchineau GVuillard CPapazian LJoly FVieillard-Baron ASchwebel CSouday VSeguin AMorin JLabroca PGirard TSavary GVirolle SCourte GLabedade PPierrot MLE MJBaron EReignier JFrat JPNguyen LMarnai RVigneron CBlayau CMarois CGilard AThouy FPene FGobert FJoseph AChhor VForel JMfalseOutcomes of Critically Ill Adult Patients With Acute Encephalitis.<h4>Importance</h4>Functional outcomes and long-term recovery after severe encephalitis are not well characterized.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the incidence of functional disability or death at 3 months and to describe recovery trajectories through 1 year after encephalitis.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted across 31 French centers from October 2017 to April 2021 and included adults with probable or confirmed encephalitis and clear cerebrospinal fluid findings requiring care in the intensive care unit. Data analysis was performed between May 2023 and June 2025.<h4>Exposure</h4>Causes of encephalitis were categorized into 4 different groups: infectious, autoimmune, other causes, and unknown origin.<h4>Main outcomes and measu2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-07-15T05:50:15.193Z2026-06-29T03:19:44.351ZS-EPMC124472554096588410.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.32478