biostudies-literatureUnknown106(7)Krupovic MNIAID NIH HHSThe International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) holds a ratification vote annually following the review of newly proposed taxa by ICTV Study Groups and members of the virology community. This article reports changes to the taxonomy of viruses infecting archaea that were approved and ratified by the ICTV in March 2025. Six new families of head-tailed viruses expanded the order <i>Caudoviricetes</i> (realm <i>Duplodnaviria</i>); one new family of filamentous viruses was added to the order <i>Ligamenvirales</i> (realm <i>Adnaviria</i>); one new family of viruses with pleomorphic virions was included within a new phylum, new order and new class in the kingdom <i>Trapavirae</i> (realm <i>Monodnaviria</i>); finally, three new families were created for spindle-shaped viruses that remainThe Journal of general virologyhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12451623biostudies-literatureSummary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee, 2025.PMC12451623U24 AI162625Freitas-Astua JAdriaenssens EMBignon EAZhang RICTV Taxonomy Summary ConsortiumSabanadzovic SLobocka MSmith DBMushegian ARIctv Taxonomy Summary ConsortiumRubino LSimmonds PCoves MWang YVan Doorslaer KZeng QBorrel GAylward FOChen LHughes HRKrupovic MRobertson DLReyes Munoz AVarsani ALi MHendrickson RCPrabhu AMedvedeva SRoux SPenzes JKoonin EVXu TAlfenas-Zerbini PBaquero DPLiu LCai MSuzuki NKuhn JHMayne RTurner DLiu YBize ARinke CZerbini FMOksanen HMDuan CYan SGribaldo SNi YLefkowitz EJfalseSummary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee, 2025.The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) holds a ratification vote annually following the review of newly proposed taxa by ICTV Study Groups and members of the virology community. This article reports changes to the taxonomy of viruses infecting archaea that were approved and ratified by the ICTV in March 2025. Six new families of head-tailed viruses expanded the order <i>Caudoviricetes</i> (realm <i>Duplodnaviria</i>); one new family of filamentous viruses was added to the order <i>Ligamenvirales</i> (realm <i>Adnaviria</i>); one new family of viruses with pleomorphic virions was included within a new phylum, new order and new class in the kingdom <i>Trapavirae</i> (realm <i>Monodnaviria</i>); finally, three new families were created for spindle-shaped viruses that remain2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Jul2026-05-31T03:12:55.844Z2026-05-31T03:07:37.157ZS-EPMC124516234071189010.1099/jgv.0.002117