biostudies-literatureUnknown13(9)Muller-Jensen L<h4>Background</h4>Immune-related myotoxicity (irM), including irMyocarditis and irMyositis, is a severe complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Markers to identify patients at risk are missing. In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, we aimed to determine whether specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants are associated with irM.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty patients with irMyocarditis and/or irMyositis (median age (IQR), 67 (60-73) years; 7/20 female) and 60 cancer controls (CC) without immune-related adverse events (median age (IQR), 68 (62-74) years; 26/60 female) presenting to Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany, or Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland, between September 2017 and June 2024, were included. As a second control cohort, we used HLA data from Journal for immunotherapy of cancere011590https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12458757biostudies-literatureHLA-A*01:01-B*08:01-C*07:01 is linked to early-onset immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myositis and myocarditis.PMC12458757Flatz LHasan Ali OModl LEndres MBoehmerle WMohr RMuller-Jensen LLachmann NHuehnchen PfalseHLA-A*01:01-B*08:01-C*07:01 is linked to early-onset immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myositis and myocarditis.<h4>Background</h4>Immune-related myotoxicity (irM), including irMyocarditis and irMyositis, is a severe complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Markers to identify patients at risk are missing. In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, we aimed to determine whether specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants are associated with irM.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty patients with irMyocarditis and/or irMyositis (median age (IQR), 67 (60-73) years; 7/20 female) and 60 cancer controls (CC) without immune-related adverse events (median age (IQR), 68 (62-74) years; 26/60 female) presenting to Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany, or Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland, between September 2017 and June 2024, were included. As a second control cohort, we used HLA data from 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-06-03T19:52:44.906Z2026-05-01T03:10:35.852ZS-EPMC124587574098749310.1136/jitc-2025-011590