biostudies-literatureBernard CEuropean Funds for Regional DevelopmentFrench Ministry of Agriculture—General Directorate for FoodFrench Establishment for Fighting Zoonoses (ELIZ) and the Association Nationale Recherche Technologiee0331875https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12459774biostudies-literatureUnknown20(9)Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis of major public health concern, not only because of its potential for severe outcomes in humans, but also due to its endemic presence in many regions and its expanding geographic distribution. We report on the first serological survey conducted in mainland France to detect antibodies against the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) in domestic and wild fauna, and provides critical insights into the virus's circulation. We analyzed 8,609 cattle sera and 2,182 wildlife sera collected across the French Mediterranean region from 2008 to 2022, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and pseudo-plaque reduction neutralization tests (PPRNT) for antibody detection and confirmation. Seropositivity was detected in bothPloS oneFirst detection of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever antibodies in cattle and wildlife of southern continental France: Investigation of explanatory factors.PMC12459774FEDER, Grand-Est2019-1145SPA17 number 0079-EPeyraud AHolzmuller PCombes BSaengram PKeck NChauvin VFaure EGrosbois VBastien MBernard CFerraris OJori FComtet LGuerrini LVial LApolloni APin RfalseFirst detection of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever antibodies in cattle and wildlife of southern continental France: Investigation of explanatory factors.Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis of major public health concern, not only because of its potential for severe outcomes in humans, but also due to its endemic presence in many regions and its expanding geographic distribution. We report on the first serological survey conducted in mainland France to detect antibodies against the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) in domestic and wild fauna, and provides critical insights into the virus's circulation. We analyzed 8,609 cattle sera and 2,182 wildlife sera collected across the French Mediterranean region from 2008 to 2022, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and pseudo-plaque reduction neutralization tests (PPRNT) for antibody detection and confirmation. Seropositivity was detected in both2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-03T19:33:26.783Z2026-04-30T03:12:17.179ZS-EPMC124597744099154010.1371/journal.pone.0331875