biostudies-literatureBaykan BSwiss National Science Foundation380-391https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12464601biostudies-literatureUnknown10<h4>Objective</h4>A joint International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology - International League Against Epilepsy (IFCN-ILAE) Taskforce was created to explore the published evidence for initial EEGs in the evaluation of patients who experienced their first unprovoked seizure, and to determine the diagnostic value of EEG in supporting the diagnosis of epilepsy.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic literature review, with two independent authors screening each study. We extracted seizure recurrence data among patients with EEG showing interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) versus those with normal or nonspecific-abnormal EEG results. Random-effects meta-analyses of seizure recurrence in relation to IEDs was conducted in the included studies, calculating odds ratios (OR) with confClinical neurophysiology practicePresence of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges implies increased risk of recurrence after the first unprovoked seizure: Report of the International League Against Epilepsy and International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.PMC12464601180365Wiebe SBeniczky SMaillard LKoutroumanidis MSeeck MBaykan BDunne JfalsePresence of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges implies increased risk of recurrence after the first unprovoked seizure: Report of the International League Against Epilepsy and International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.<h4>Objective</h4>A joint International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology - International League Against Epilepsy (IFCN-ILAE) Taskforce was created to explore the published evidence for initial EEGs in the evaluation of patients who experienced their first unprovoked seizure, and to determine the diagnostic value of EEG in supporting the diagnosis of epilepsy.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic literature review, with two independent authors screening each study. We extracted seizure recurrence data among patients with EEG showing interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) versus those with normal or nonspecific-abnormal EEG results. Random-effects meta-analyses of seizure recurrence in relation to IEDs was conducted in the included studies, calculating odds ratios (OR) with conf2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-03T21:41:36.585Z2026-05-02T03:08:21.623ZS-EPMC124646014101816510.1016/j.cnp.2025.07.007