biostudies-literatureBisht MNCI NIH HHSNIGMS NIH HHS307https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12465978biostudies-literatureUnknown26(1)<h4>Background</h4>Chromosome conformation within the nucleus is essential for genome function. These have primarily been studied at the scale of loops and compartments, or at lower spatial resolution using traditional in situ hybridization in chemically fixed samples. However, the mesoscale organization of single chromosomes in vivo, shaped by the interplay between chromatin architectural proteins and histone modifications, remains partially understood. In this study, we interrogated the mesoscale conformations of interphase chromosomes in live human osteoblasts and transformed osteosarcoma cells, focusing on chromosome 19.<h4>Results</h4>Chromosome conformations were quantified by the aspect ratio of the principal axes of gyration tensors. In osteoblasts, approximately 81% of chromosome Genome biologyDifferential regulation of mesoscale chromosome conformations in osteoblasts and osteosarcoma.PMC12465978R00 GM126810P30 CA016058Wang MStanton BZSunkel BDTu LCBisht MWilley SHe SLChung YCfalseDifferential regulation of mesoscale chromosome conformations in osteoblasts and osteosarcoma.<h4>Background</h4>Chromosome conformation within the nucleus is essential for genome function. These have primarily been studied at the scale of loops and compartments, or at lower spatial resolution using traditional in situ hybridization in chemically fixed samples. However, the mesoscale organization of single chromosomes in vivo, shaped by the interplay between chromatin architectural proteins and histone modifications, remains partially understood. In this study, we interrogated the mesoscale conformations of interphase chromosomes in live human osteoblasts and transformed osteosarcoma cells, focusing on chromosome 19.<h4>Results</h4>Chromosome conformations were quantified by the aspect ratio of the principal axes of gyration tensors. In osteoblasts, approximately 81% of chromosome 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-06-03T23:08:58.379Z2026-05-02T03:11:52.947ZS-EPMC124659784101366610.1186/s13059-025-03785-2