biostudies-literatureGhimire SNHLBI NIH HHS105920https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12466150biostudies-literatureUnknown120<h4>Background</h4>Treatments available to prevent progression of virus-induced lung diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are of limited benefit once respiratory failure occurs. The efficacy of approved and emerging cytokine signalling-modulating antibodies is variable and is affected by disease course and patient-specific inflammation patterns. Therefore, understanding the role of inflammation on the viral infectious cycle is critical for effective use of cytokine-modulating agents.<h4>Methods</h4>The role of the type 2 cytokine IL-13 on SARS-CoV-2 binding/entry, replication, and host response was investigated in primary HAE cells in vitro and in a model of mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo using single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing approaches. Additionally, theEBioMedicineIL-13 decreases susceptibility to airway epithelial SARS-CoV-2 infection but increases disease severity in vivo via eicosanoid signalling.PMC12466150R01 HL163024Necker GCXue BMeyerholz DKPerlman SGhimire SLi KZheng JMcCray PBPezzulo AAGannon RMThurman ALWohlford-Lenane CLGong HfalseIL-13 decreases susceptibility to airway epithelial SARS-CoV-2 infection but increases disease severity in vivo via eicosanoid signalling.<h4>Background</h4>Treatments available to prevent progression of virus-induced lung diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are of limited benefit once respiratory failure occurs. The efficacy of approved and emerging cytokine signalling-modulating antibodies is variable and is affected by disease course and patient-specific inflammation patterns. Therefore, understanding the role of inflammation on the viral infectious cycle is critical for effective use of cytokine-modulating agents.<h4>Methods</h4>The role of the type 2 cytokine IL-13 on SARS-CoV-2 binding/entry, replication, and host response was investigated in primary HAE cells in vitro and in a model of mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo using single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing approaches. Additionally, the2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-06-03T21:24:07.829Z2026-05-01T03:11:10.936ZS-EPMC124661504095722010.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105920