biostudies-literatureYe WJun QiangKai Liu1112https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12466869biostudies-literatureUnknown14(9)The utilization of saline-alkali water resources presents a promising approach for freshwater aquaculture. Red tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) exhibits moderate salinity tolerance, but its adaptation mechanism to alkaline conditions remains poorly understood. In the current study, five alkaline carbonate concentrations in a 60-day chronic stress experiment on red tilapia were evaluated. The experimental design included a control group (CA0, 0 mmol/L) and three treatment groups (CA10, 20 mmol/L; CA30, 30 mmol/L; and CA40 40 mmol/L). The results indicated that at alkaline carbonate concentrations exceeding 20 mmol/L, the gill filaments exhibited curling and deformation, the hepatocytes displayed migration, and tissue damage increased significantly. The gill's antioxidant capacity initiallyAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)Physiological and Transcriptome Analyses Offer Insights into Revealing the Mechanisms of Red Tilapia (&lt;i&gt;Oreochromis&lt;/i&gt; spp.) in Response to Carbonate Alkalinity Stress.PMC124668692023ZD040652022YFE0139600NO.2023TD11Hua JXu DYe WWang WQiang JfalsePhysiological and Transcriptome Analyses Offer Insights into Revealing the Mechanisms of Red Tilapia (&lt;i&gt;Oreochromis&lt;/i&gt; spp.) in Response to Carbonate Alkalinity Stress.The utilization of saline-alkali water resources presents a promising approach for freshwater aquaculture. Red tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) exhibits moderate salinity tolerance, but its adaptation mechanism to alkaline conditions remains poorly understood. In the current study, five alkaline carbonate concentrations in a 60-day chronic stress experiment on red tilapia were evaluated. The experimental design included a control group (CA0, 0 mmol/L) and three treatment groups (CA10, 20 mmol/L; CA30, 30 mmol/L; and CA40 40 mmol/L). The results indicated that at alkaline carbonate concentrations exceeding 20 mmol/L, the gill filaments exhibited curling and deformation, the hepatocytes displayed migration, and tissue damage increased significantly. The gill's antioxidant capacity initially2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-05-02T03:10:20.939Z2026-05-02T03:07:47.709ZS-EPMC124668694100901610.3390/antiox14091112