{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Al Ashkar H"],"funding":["Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences","Hungarian Research Network - HUN-REN","National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","Hungarian Academy of Sciences","University of Debrecen","National Laboratory for Health Security Hungary","National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary","European Regional Development Fund","Tempus Public Foundation and the Hungarian Government"],"pagination":["8787"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12469723"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["26(18)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Smoking has a well-established impact on cardiovascular health, notably through elevated resting heart rate and impaired autonomic regulation-both key risk factors. While nicotine's acute effects are well documented, the influence of smoking-related genetic variants on heart rate (HR) responses remains unclear. This study investigated the association between selected smoking-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and HR dynamics following physical exertion. A total of 661 Hungarian adults completed the YMCA 3 min step test, with HR measured at rest, immediately post-exercise, and during recovery at 5 and 10 min. Key indices included post-exercise HR (HR<sub>aft</sub>), HR change (ΔHR), maximum HR percentage (HR<sub>max%</sub>), and heart rate recovery coefficient (HRR). Genetic analysis focused on nine SNPs previously linked to smoking behaviours, with a composite genetic risk score derived from the three most influential variants (rs2235186, rs4142041, and rs578776). Associations were examined using adjusted linear regression. No significant relationship was found between any individual SNP and resting HR. However, rs2235186, rs4142041, and rs578776 were consistently associated with elevated HR<sub>aft</sub>, increased ΔHR, higher HR<sub>max%</sub>, and slower HRR. The genetic risk score showed significant correlations with all post-exercise HR measures, suggesting a cumulative genetic effect. These findings indicate that smoking-related genetic predisposition may influence autonomic cardiovascular responses to physical activity. Although resting HR remains unaffected, specific SNPs are linked to post-exercise HR dynamics and recovery, highlighting the potential value of genetic screening in personalised cardiovascular risk assessment among smokers."],"journal":["International journal of molecular sciences"],"pubmed_title":["The Impact of Smoking-Associated Genetic Variants on Post-Exercise Heart Rate."],"pmcid":["PMC12469723"],"funding_grant_id":["Stipendium Hugaricum Scholarship Program","University of Debrecen Program for Scientific Publication","BO/00513/23/5","TKCS-2021/32","EKÖP-24-4 University Research Scholarship Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation","GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00005","TK2016-78","Project No. 135784","RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00006"],"pubmed_authors":["Kharrat Helu N","Kovacs N","Piko P","Fiatal S","Al Ashkar H","Adany R"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"The Impact of Smoking-Associated Genetic Variants on Post-Exercise Heart Rate.","description":"Smoking has a well-established impact on cardiovascular health, notably through elevated resting heart rate and impaired autonomic regulation-both key risk factors. While nicotine's acute effects are well documented, the influence of smoking-related genetic variants on heart rate (HR) responses remains unclear. This study investigated the association between selected smoking-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and HR dynamics following physical exertion. A total of 661 Hungarian adults completed the YMCA 3 min step test, with HR measured at rest, immediately post-exercise, and during recovery at 5 and 10 min. Key indices included post-exercise HR (HR<sub>aft</sub>), HR change (ΔHR), maximum HR percentage (HR<sub>max%</sub>), and heart rate recovery coefficient (HRR). Genetic analysis focused on nine SNPs previously linked to smoking behaviours, with a composite genetic risk score derived from the three most influential variants (rs2235186, rs4142041, and rs578776). Associations were examined using adjusted linear regression. No significant relationship was found between any individual SNP and resting HR. However, rs2235186, rs4142041, and rs578776 were consistently associated with elevated HR<sub>aft</sub>, increased ΔHR, higher HR<sub>max%</sub>, and slower HRR. The genetic risk score showed significant correlations with all post-exercise HR measures, suggesting a cumulative genetic effect. These findings indicate that smoking-related genetic predisposition may influence autonomic cardiovascular responses to physical activity. Although resting HR remains unaffected, specific SNPs are linked to post-exercise HR dynamics and recovery, highlighting the potential value of genetic screening in personalised cardiovascular risk assessment among smokers.","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Sep","modification":"2026-05-31T03:12:31.064Z","creation":"2026-05-31T03:06:59.574Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12469723","cross_references":{"pubmed":["41009356"],"doi":["10.3390/ijms26188787"]}}