biostudies-literatureCui XNatural Science Foundation of Shanxi216https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12487243biostudies-literatureUnknown18(1)<h4>Background</h4>Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a debilitating condition impairing fertility and health in women. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for POF due to their regenerative capabilities. This study explores the effectiveness of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (HuMSCs-Exos) in counteracting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and restoring ovarian function in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced POF model.<h4>Methods</h4>HuMSCs-Exos were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot for exosomal markers. A CTX-induced POF mouse model was treated with HuMSCs-Exos to assess their impact on ovarian morphology, function, and fertility. AJournal of ovarian researchExosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells repair ovarian function by suppressing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure.PMC12487243201901D211519Li HJing XXue TWang SHuang XCui XZhu XfalseExosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells repair ovarian function by suppressing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure.<h4>Background</h4>Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a debilitating condition impairing fertility and health in women. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for POF due to their regenerative capabilities. This study explores the effectiveness of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (HuMSCs-Exos) in counteracting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and restoring ovarian function in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced POF model.<h4>Methods</h4>HuMSCs-Exos were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot for exosomal markers. A CTX-induced POF mouse model was treated with HuMSCs-Exos to assess their impact on ovarian morphology, function, and fertility. A2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Oct2026-05-04T03:14:13.121Z2026-05-04T03:13:03.088ZS-EPMC124872434103491110.1186/s13048-025-01785-1