biostudies-literatureUnknown15(44)Tan FButralin is a selective pre-budding agent. It is relatively immobile in the substrate after application, and its transmission through the food chain poses a potential threat to human health. In this study, we isolated a butralin-degrading strain FC02, and identified it as Bacillus velezensis. Optimization of butralin degradation with Box-Behnken design resulted in 89.12% degradation at pH 8.4, OD600 = 2.5, 35.0 °C, and 200 mg FC02. Strain FC02 efficiently converted butralin into five products through nitro-reduction, dealkylation, and hydroxylation reactions, differing from the mechanisms and pathways in other strains. Genomics and transcriptomic analyses revealed that nitroreductase genes are involved in the nitro-reduction process of butralin degradation. Here, we exploRSC advances37461-37473https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12506887biostudies-literatureBiodegradation mechanism of butralin by a newly isolated Bacillus velezensis FC02.PMC12506887Cao HZong HLing WXu CTan FYu JFeng CChen DfalseBiodegradation mechanism of butralin by a newly isolated Bacillus velezensis FC02.Butralin is a selective pre-budding agent. It is relatively immobile in the substrate after application, and its transmission through the food chain poses a potential threat to human health. In this study, we isolated a butralin-degrading strain FC02, and identified it as Bacillus velezensis. Optimization of butralin degradation with Box-Behnken design resulted in 89.12% degradation at pH 8.4, OD600 = 2.5, 35.0 °C, and 200 mg FC02. Strain FC02 efficiently converted butralin into five products through nitro-reduction, dealkylation, and hydroxylation reactions, differing from the mechanisms and pathways in other strains. Genomics and transcriptomic analyses revealed that nitroreductase genes are involved in the nitro-reduction process of butralin degradation. Here, we explo2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Oct2026-06-05T07:51:04.965Z2026-05-14T03:12:29.7ZS-EPMC125068874106937610.1039/d5ra02138c