biostudies-literatureUnknown16Garmpis D<h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced melanoma, yet predictive biomarkers for treatment response and survival remain limited. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are frequent during ICI therapy and have been associated with improved outcomes, while baseline inflammatory markers-such as C-Reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)-often predict poor prognosis. However, no study to date has systematically integrated irAE characteristics and blood-based inflammation profiles to evaluate their combined prognostic value across different therapy lines.<h4>Methods</h4>We retrospectively analyzed 231 patients with unresectable stage IIIC-IV melanoma treated with PD-1-based ICIs at the University Hospital Cologne (2015-2021)Frontiers in immunology1683533https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12521244biostudies-literatureCombining immune-related adverse events and inflammatory profiles enhances prognostic accuracy in metastatic melanoma under PD-1-based therapy.PMC12521244Hidalgo-Gadea GFranklin CGarmpis DMauch CTietze JKfalseCombining immune-related adverse events and inflammatory profiles enhances prognostic accuracy in metastatic melanoma under PD-1-based therapy.<h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced melanoma, yet predictive biomarkers for treatment response and survival remain limited. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are frequent during ICI therapy and have been associated with improved outcomes, while baseline inflammatory markers-such as C-Reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)-often predict poor prognosis. However, no study to date has systematically integrated irAE characteristics and blood-based inflammation profiles to evaluate their combined prognostic value across different therapy lines.<h4>Methods</h4>We retrospectively analyzed 231 patients with unresectable stage IIIC-IV melanoma treated with PD-1-based ICIs at the University Hospital Cologne (2015-2021)2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-04T11:44:01.56Z2026-05-08T03:11:08.003ZS-EPMC125212444110341010.3389/fimmu.2025.1683533