biostudies-literatureUnknown87(5)Acosta AM<h4>Aims</h4>Testicular sex cord-stromal tumours (TSCSTs) are relatively rare, accounting for ~5% of all testicular neoplasms. They were historically classified into Leydig cell tumour, Sertoli cell tumour, granulosa cell tumour, and unclassified sex cord-stromal tumour. More recently, classification was expanded to incorporate additional histologic types, including some associated with inherited cancer predisposition syndromes. However, the classification of TSCSTs still relies entirely on morphology, with some tumour types being defined based on their resemblance to ovarian counterparts. In recent years, molecular studies have identified drivers and genomic alterations associated with aggressive behaviour and progression; however, these findings have not yet impacted classification and mHistopathology660-676https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12522033biostudies-literatureAssessment and classification of sex cord-stromal tumours of the testis: recommendations from the testicular sex cord-stromal tumour (TESST) group, an Expert Panel of the Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) and International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP).PMC12522033Williamson SRColecchia MGupta SMaclean FTickoo SKTsuzuki TReyes Mugica MUlbright TMBerney DMMichalova KAcosta AMGill AJSholl LMCheville JCKao CSGonzalez-Peramato PIdrees MTMatoso ASiegmund SComperat ERaspollini MRCornejo KMfalseAssessment and classification of sex cord-stromal tumours of the testis: recommendations from the testicular sex cord-stromal tumour (TESST) group, an Expert Panel of the Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) and International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP).<h4>Aims</h4>Testicular sex cord-stromal tumours (TSCSTs) are relatively rare, accounting for ~5% of all testicular neoplasms. They were historically classified into Leydig cell tumour, Sertoli cell tumour, granulosa cell tumour, and unclassified sex cord-stromal tumour. More recently, classification was expanded to incorporate additional histologic types, including some associated with inherited cancer predisposition syndromes. However, the classification of TSCSTs still relies entirely on morphology, with some tumour types being defined based on their resemblance to ovarian counterparts. In recent years, molecular studies have identified drivers and genomic alterations associated with aggressive behaviour and progression; however, these findings have not yet impacted classification and m2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov2026-06-04T10:35:52.407Z2026-05-08T03:10:30.422ZS-EPMC125220334052863210.1111/his.15482