biostudies-literatureUnknown13Bougrine HThe time of day (TOD) has a significant influence on physical performance through circadian rhythms, which regulate body temperature, muscle function, and hormone levels. While extensively studied in adults, the impact of TOD on adolescent athletes remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TOD on maximal short-term physical performance in adolescent soccer players, to guide evidence-based decisions regarding the structuring of training and competition schedules. Nineteen male adolescent soccer players (mean age: 14.58 ± 0.7 years) participated in a randomized trial, performing at four TOD sessions (08:00 h, 11:00 h, 15:00 h, and 18:00 h) with recovery periods of at least 48 hours between sessions. Performance metrics included oral temperature (OT), medicine ballPeerJe20065https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12553368biostudies-literatureEffects of four different times of day on various aspects of maximal short-term physical performance in young soccer players.PMC12553368Stefanica VBouazizi MNasser NCeylan HIDergaa IAbderrahman ABPaillard TGandouzi IBougrine HfalseEffects of four different times of day on various aspects of maximal short-term physical performance in young soccer players.The time of day (TOD) has a significant influence on physical performance through circadian rhythms, which regulate body temperature, muscle function, and hormone levels. While extensively studied in adults, the impact of TOD on adolescent athletes remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TOD on maximal short-term physical performance in adolescent soccer players, to guide evidence-based decisions regarding the structuring of training and competition schedules. Nineteen male adolescent soccer players (mean age: 14.58 ± 0.7 years) participated in a randomized trial, performing at four TOD sessions (08:00 h, 11:00 h, 15:00 h, and 18:00 h) with recovery periods of at least 48 hours between sessions. Performance metrics included oral temperature (OT), medicine ball2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-04T03:07:54.77Z2026-06-04T03:06:10.19ZS-EPMC125533684114230310.7717/peerj.20065