biostudies-literatureUnknown15(48)Canh Pham ETwenty symmetrical chlorophenylamino-s-triazine derivatives were designed and synthesized by reflux (RF) and microwave-assisted (MW) methods. The MW method achieved superior yields (88-95%) in less time (15-30 min) compared to RF (78-86%, 12-24 h), particularly for 3-Cl and 3,4-diCl derivatives with piperidine or diethylamine, due to rapid, uniform heating, enhancing nucleophilic substitution and minimizing side reactions. In particular, compounds 2c (IC50 = 4.14 μM for MCF7, 7.87 μM for C26), 3c (IC50 = 4.98 μM for MCF7, 3.05 μM for C26), and 4c (IC50 = 6.85 μM for MCF7, 1.71 μM for C26) exhibited potent cytotoxic activity with 4c (2,4-diCl, pyrrolidine) surpassing paclitaxel (IC50 = 2.30 μM for C26), and 3c (3,4-diCl, pyrrolidine) rivaliRSC advances41169-41188https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12560096biostudies-literatureDesign, synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic activity, and in silico studies of symmetrical chlorophenylamino-s-triazine derivatives.PMC12560096Canh Pham ENguyen STTruong TNThi Le KAThi Hong Do TfalseDesign, synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic activity, and in silico studies of symmetrical chlorophenylamino-s-triazine derivatives.Twenty symmetrical chlorophenylamino-s-triazine derivatives were designed and synthesized by reflux (RF) and microwave-assisted (MW) methods. The MW method achieved superior yields (88-95%) in less time (15-30 min) compared to RF (78-86%, 12-24 h), particularly for 3-Cl and 3,4-diCl derivatives with piperidine or diethylamine, due to rapid, uniform heating, enhancing nucleophilic substitution and minimizing side reactions. In particular, compounds 2c (IC50 = 4.14 μM for MCF7, 7.87 μM for C26), 3c (IC50 = 4.98 μM for MCF7, 3.05 μM for C26), and 4c (IC50 = 6.85 μM for MCF7, 1.71 μM for C26) exhibited potent cytotoxic activity with 4c (2,4-diCl, pyrrolidine) surpassing paclitaxel (IC50 = 2.30 μM for C26), and 3c (3,4-diCl, pyrrolidine) rivali2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Oct2026-06-05T09:24:25.979Z2026-05-15T03:13:06.686ZS-EPMC125600964116383710.1039/d5ra05705a