biostudies-literatureRu CScience and Technology Planning Project of Ministry of Public SecurityNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Liaoning ProvinceScience and Technology Talent Special Project of ShenyangOpen Foundation of Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology, Ministry of Public Security4101https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12565809biostudies-literatureUnknown30(20)Nanothermites are widely applied as specific power sources for microscale initiators and pyrotechnics. Increasing the charge density enhances energy storage within a confined combustion chamber, but it also alters the reaction kinetics. To systemically explore this phenomenon, the combustion and pressurization characteristics of electrosprayed nanothermite-based hybrid energetic materials (THEMs) with different metallic oxides (Fe₂O₃, CuO, and Bi₂O₃) and various energetic additives (nitrocellulose (NC), octogen (HMX), ammonium perchlorate (AP), and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)) across various loading densities were tested. The results showed that increasing the loading density decreased the porosity of the loaded nanothermites and then rMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)Abrupt Transition of Nanothermite Reactivity: The Roles of Loading Density, Microstructure and Ingredients.PMC125658092022JC05HJ2022001KF21805310RC2300582025-BS-246Ru CShan YZhang YYu AChen LZhang HWang HJin YfalseAbrupt Transition of Nanothermite Reactivity: The Roles of Loading Density, Microstructure and Ingredients.Nanothermites are widely applied as specific power sources for microscale initiators and pyrotechnics. Increasing the charge density enhances energy storage within a confined combustion chamber, but it also alters the reaction kinetics. To systemically explore this phenomenon, the combustion and pressurization characteristics of electrosprayed nanothermite-based hybrid energetic materials (THEMs) with different metallic oxides (Fe₂O₃, CuO, and Bi₂O₃) and various energetic additives (nitrocellulose (NC), octogen (HMX), ammonium perchlorate (AP), and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)) across various loading densities were tested. The results showed that increasing the loading density decreased the porosity of the loaded nanothermites and then r2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Oct2026-05-15T03:21:09.658Z2026-05-15T03:12:29.449ZS-EPMC125658094115711810.3390/molecules30204101