biostudies-literaturede Lima Rocha ADConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da ParaíbaU.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)1996-2013https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12593296biostudies-literatureUnknown54(6)Salmonella enterica remains a major foodborne pathogen globally but little attention has been paid to infrequent serovars in environmental settings. We report the occurrence of 30 rare S. enterica serovars isolated from environmental water sources between 2021 and 2022 in semiarid northeastern Brazil. We conducted two risk-based field campaigns at shoreline access points in 10 reservoirs associated with the three largest river basins in the state. Salmonella enterica was recovered from 175 out of 230 water samples, yielding 2903 isolates. Of these, 938 were selected for whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Genome assembly and downstream analyses identified 65 unique serovars, including 68 isolates belonging to 30 rare serovars. Salmonella Carrau (n = 14), S. Oran (n = 9), S. Gaminara (n = 5), anJournal of environmental qualitySurface water as a source of rare Salmonella enterica serovars in semiarid northeastern Brazil.PMC1259329688887.898770/2023-00finance code 001U01FDU001418420755/2023-3140910/2020-4313678/2020-0da Silva NJBrown EWAllard MWde Lima Rocha ADGivisiez PENde Lima LAToro MBell RLPereira WEChen Zde Oliveira CJBHuang XMeng JMonte DFMfalseSurface water as a source of rare Salmonella enterica serovars in semiarid northeastern Brazil.Salmonella enterica remains a major foodborne pathogen globally but little attention has been paid to infrequent serovars in environmental settings. We report the occurrence of 30 rare S. enterica serovars isolated from environmental water sources between 2021 and 2022 in semiarid northeastern Brazil. We conducted two risk-based field campaigns at shoreline access points in 10 reservoirs associated with the three largest river basins in the state. Salmonella enterica was recovered from 175 out of 230 water samples, yielding 2903 isolates. Of these, 938 were selected for whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Genome assembly and downstream analyses identified 65 unique serovars, including 68 isolates belonging to 30 rare serovars. Salmonella Carrau (n = 14), S. Oran (n = 9), S. Gaminara (n = 5), an2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov-Dec2026-06-05T14:54:26.452Z2026-05-18T03:12:41.219ZS-EPMC125932964111700810.1002/jeq2.70098