biostudies-literatureUnknown100(12)Hemmer MPure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is the most frequent autoimmune cytopenia associated with thymic tumors (TTs). In a nationwide retrospective study, we included 41 patients (22 women, median age 62 years). At PRCA diagnosis, the mean hemoglobin level was 6.6 ± 2.1 g/dL, and the reticulocyte count was 6 ± 5 × 10⁹/L. PRCA was diagnosed before TT (8%, median delay 52 months), simultaneously (46%) or after TT (46%, median delay 34 months). Fourteen patients (34%) had definite Good syndrome. Thymectomy without immunosuppressive treatment provided a single sustainable PRCA response. Twenty-two patients (54%) experienced multiple PRCA relapses (Median 2). When PRCA was present at TT diagnosis, the risk of PRCA relapse was higher (p < 0.01), while TT staging, TT relapse, and Good syndrome wAmerican journal of hematology2230-2237https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12603890biostudies-literaturePure Red Cell Aplasia Associated With Thymic Tumors, a Nationwide Retrospective Study.PMC12603890Le Guenno GMichel MLobbes HMalphettes MMoinard SLioger BViallard JFHemmer MLambotte OTerriou LfalsePure Red Cell Aplasia Associated With Thymic Tumors, a Nationwide Retrospective Study.Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is the most frequent autoimmune cytopenia associated with thymic tumors (TTs). In a nationwide retrospective study, we included 41 patients (22 women, median age 62 years). At PRCA diagnosis, the mean hemoglobin level was 6.6 ± 2.1 g/dL, and the reticulocyte count was 6 ± 5 × 10⁹/L. PRCA was diagnosed before TT (8%, median delay 52 months), simultaneously (46%) or after TT (46%, median delay 34 months). Fourteen patients (34%) had definite Good syndrome. Thymectomy without immunosuppressive treatment provided a single sustainable PRCA response. Twenty-two patients (54%) experienced multiple PRCA relapses (Median 2). When PRCA was present at TT diagnosis, the risk of PRCA relapse was higher (p < 0.01), while TT staging, TT relapse, and Good syndrome w2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-05T15:02:20.49Z2026-06-05T03:06:37.985ZS-EPMC126038904091704010.1002/ajh.70068