biostudies-literatureMcLeod DDivision of Emerging FrontiersNHLBI NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthDivision of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems26https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12614770biostudies-literatureUnknown25(3)Biofilm infections represent a major public health threat due to their high tolerance to antimicrobials and the lack of specific anti-biofilm drugs. To develop such drugs, it is crucial to have high-throughput biofilm growth systems that can emulate in vivo conditions without the cost and complexity of animal models. However, no current biofilm reactor can provide in vivo-like conditions in a high throughput standard microtiter format. This paper demonstrates a novel high-throughput (HT) microfluidic perfusion biofilm reactor (HT-μPBR) compatible with a standard 96-well microtiter plate for in situ optical analysis. A snap-on liquid-tight cover for standard microtiter plates was designed and fabricated with fluidic channels to provide closed-loop recirculating perfusion. Our system takes sBiomedical microdevicesA standard 96-well based high throughput microfluidic perfusion biofilm reactor for in situ optical analysis.PMC126147701830941R01 HL144157R01HL1441571743662Li ZMcLeod DWei LfalseA standard 96-well based high throughput microfluidic perfusion biofilm reactor for in situ optical analysis.Biofilm infections represent a major public health threat due to their high tolerance to antimicrobials and the lack of specific anti-biofilm drugs. To develop such drugs, it is crucial to have high-throughput biofilm growth systems that can emulate in vivo conditions without the cost and complexity of animal models. However, no current biofilm reactor can provide in vivo-like conditions in a high throughput standard microtiter format. This paper demonstrates a novel high-throughput (HT) microfluidic perfusion biofilm reactor (HT-μPBR) compatible with a standard 96-well microtiter plate for in situ optical analysis. A snap-on liquid-tight cover for standard microtiter plates was designed and fabricated with fluidic channels to provide closed-loop recirculating perfusion. Our system takes s2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jul2026-05-16T03:18:00.56Z2026-05-16T03:12:57.478ZS-EPMC126147703749381810.1007/s10544-023-00668-w