biostudies-literatureUnknown15Kong Y<h4>Background</h4>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for CRC screening, but its effectiveness in population-based programs requires further evaluation.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a follow-up study in Xuzhou, China. Participants were recruited from 2014 to 2021, with follow-up continuing until December 2023. The study comprised two components: 1) an active follow-up to assess treatment outcomes for patients with colorectal advanced neoplasia (CAN) detected during screening; 2) a passive follow-up to compare CRC incidence and mortality between participants who underwent colonoscopy and those who refused it.<h4>Results</h4>The active follow-up included 196 participants, while 15,440 were included the passive follow-up (4,029Frontiers in oncology1689066https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12646884biostudies-literatureEffect of colonoscopy screening on the risk of colorectal cancer in China: a follow-up study.PMC12646884Zhang GJin RDong ZMa YZhang PZhuo LDong DLiuLuo XWang YKong YGao SZhao HfalseEffect of colonoscopy screening on the risk of colorectal cancer in China: a follow-up study.<h4>Background</h4>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for CRC screening, but its effectiveness in population-based programs requires further evaluation.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a follow-up study in Xuzhou, China. Participants were recruited from 2014 to 2021, with follow-up continuing until December 2023. The study comprised two components: 1) an active follow-up to assess treatment outcomes for patients with colorectal advanced neoplasia (CAN) detected during screening; 2) a passive follow-up to compare CRC incidence and mortality between participants who underwent colonoscopy and those who refused it.<h4>Results</h4>The active follow-up included 196 participants, while 15,440 were included the passive follow-up (4,0292025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-05T16:49:10.923Z2026-05-19T03:11:41.274ZS-EPMC126468844131217010.3389/fonc.2025.1689066