{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Wang YS"],"funding":["Seerave Foundation"],"pagination":["630"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12650902"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["32(11)"],"pubmed_abstract":["The gut microbiome is an established predictor of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in melanoma, and antibiotic exposure prior to ICI initiation is a validated negative prognostic factor. About half of melanoma patients harbor BRAF mutations and are treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi). While the detrimental impact of antibiotics is well described in the ICI setting, their effect on BRAFi/MEKi efficacy remains unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 49 advanced BRAF-mutant melanoma patients treated with BRAFi/MEKi. Antibiotic-exposed patients were compared with non-exposed patients across three time windows: within 30, 60, or 90 days before and after therapy initiation. Outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and overall response rate (ORR). Among the cohort, 41% had antibiotic exposure within ±30 days, 53% within ±60 days, and 57% within ±90 days. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups, except for worse ECOG scores in antibiotic-exposed patients. Across all windows, ORR, PFS, and OS were comparable between groups. Unlike what was observed in the ICI setting, antibiotic use did not negatively affect outcomes with BRAFi/MEKi. Despite small sample size, these findings suggest that the detrimental prognostic impact of antibiotics is specific to immunotherapy, highlighting the importance of evaluating the microbiome as a predictive biomarker across treatment contexts."],"journal":["Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)"],"pubmed_title":["Antibiotic Exposure Does Not Impact Anti-BRAF/Anti-MEK Targeted Therapy Outcome in Patients with Advanced Melanoma."],"pmcid":["PMC12650902"],"funding_grant_id":["Not applicable"],"pubmed_authors":["Wang QY","Syed HC","Belkaid W","Malo J","Routy B","Belanger K","Jamal R","Moise AE","Soberano S","Wang YS","Elkrief A","Desilets A","Messaoudene M"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Antibiotic Exposure Does Not Impact Anti-BRAF/Anti-MEK Targeted Therapy Outcome in Patients with Advanced Melanoma.","description":"The gut microbiome is an established predictor of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in melanoma, and antibiotic exposure prior to ICI initiation is a validated negative prognostic factor. About half of melanoma patients harbor BRAF mutations and are treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi). While the detrimental impact of antibiotics is well described in the ICI setting, their effect on BRAFi/MEKi efficacy remains unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 49 advanced BRAF-mutant melanoma patients treated with BRAFi/MEKi. Antibiotic-exposed patients were compared with non-exposed patients across three time windows: within 30, 60, or 90 days before and after therapy initiation. Outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and overall response rate (ORR). Among the cohort, 41% had antibiotic exposure within ±30 days, 53% within ±60 days, and 57% within ±90 days. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups, except for worse ECOG scores in antibiotic-exposed patients. Across all windows, ORR, PFS, and OS were comparable between groups. Unlike what was observed in the ICI setting, antibiotic use did not negatively affect outcomes with BRAFi/MEKi. Despite small sample size, these findings suggest that the detrimental prognostic impact of antibiotics is specific to immunotherapy, highlighting the importance of evaluating the microbiome as a predictive biomarker across treatment contexts.","dates":{"release":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2025 Nov","modification":"2026-05-19T03:14:38.472Z","creation":"2026-05-19T03:10:49.764Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12650902","cross_references":{"pubmed":["41294692"],"doi":["10.3390/curroncol32110630"]}}