biostudies-literatureLi YWellcome Trust645https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12659045biostudies-literatureUnknown23(1)<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies have reported inverse associations between total (poly)phenol intake or specific subclasses of (poly)phenols, estimated from dietary questionnaires, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, no studies have examined (poly)phenol-rich dietary patterns and their corresponding urinary metabolite profiles in relation to CVD risk. This study investigated the associations between a (poly)phenol-rich dietary score (PPS-D), its urinary metabolic signature (PPS-M), and longitudinal CVD risk in the TwinsUK cohort.<h4>Methods</h4>We included 3110 participants (followed up for 11.20 ± 7.03 years) from TwinsUK who completed the EPIC-Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire with longitudinal data. A subset of 200 participants provided spot urine samples, in which 11BMC medicineHigher adherence to (poly)phenol-rich diet is associated with lower CVD risk in the TwinsUK cohort.PMC12659045212904/Z/18/ZGibson RLi YPope RSmall KSSpector TDRodriguez-Mateos ASteves CJYan XFalchi MMenni CXu YBell JTfalseHigher adherence to (poly)phenol-rich diet is associated with lower CVD risk in the TwinsUK cohort.<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies have reported inverse associations between total (poly)phenol intake or specific subclasses of (poly)phenols, estimated from dietary questionnaires, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, no studies have examined (poly)phenol-rich dietary patterns and their corresponding urinary metabolite profiles in relation to CVD risk. This study investigated the associations between a (poly)phenol-rich dietary score (PPS-D), its urinary metabolic signature (PPS-M), and longitudinal CVD risk in the TwinsUK cohort.<h4>Methods</h4>We included 3110 participants (followed up for 11.20 ± 7.03 years) from TwinsUK who completed the EPIC-Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire with longitudinal data. A subset of 200 participants provided spot urine samples, in which 112025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov2026-06-05T21:31:31.024Z2026-05-22T03:10:29.286ZS-EPMC126590454129945510.1186/s12916-025-04481-5