biostudies-literatureUnknown16(4)Dou KIn this study, we isolated 633 <i>Trichoderma</i> strains from 15 forest types across six climate zones. Our findings revealed that species diversity was highly underestimated, with 239 isolates identified as new species based on ITS, <i>rpb2</i>, and <i>tef1</i> sequences. In tropical and subtropical regions, the mean values for the haplotype Chao1 richness index and the Shannon-Weiner diversity index are 73 and 3, respectively, significantly higher than those in temperate regions. <i>Trichoderma</i> cf. <i>taiwanense</i> was the most widely distributed, followed by <i>T. asperellum</i>, rather than widely reported <i>T. harzianum</i>. The maximum entropy model was used to analyse the effects of climatic factors on distribution of <i>T</i>. cf. <i>taiwanense</i> and <i>T. asperellum</i>, Mycology1690-1710https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12667285biostudies-literature<i>Trichoderma</i> species from typical forests system in China: Geographical distribution and comparative genome-wide evaluation of selected species related to biocontrol.PMC12667285Liu HZhang FLi YChen JDou KZhang XBai ZZhang Cfalse<i>Trichoderma</i> species from typical forests system in China: Geographical distribution and comparative genome-wide evaluation of selected species related to biocontrol.In this study, we isolated 633 <i>Trichoderma</i> strains from 15 forest types across six climate zones. Our findings revealed that species diversity was highly underestimated, with 239 isolates identified as new species based on ITS, <i>rpb2</i>, and <i>tef1</i> sequences. In tropical and subtropical regions, the mean values for the haplotype Chao1 richness index and the Shannon-Weiner diversity index are 73 and 3, respectively, significantly higher than those in temperate regions. <i>Trichoderma</i> cf. <i>taiwanense</i> was the most widely distributed, followed by <i>T. asperellum</i>, rather than widely reported <i>T. harzianum</i>. The maximum entropy model was used to analyse the effects of climatic factors on distribution of <i>T</i>. cf. <i>taiwanense</i> and <i>T. asperellum</i>, 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z20252026-06-05T22:17:27.123Z2026-05-22T03:16:15.222ZS-EPMC126672854133451110.1080/21501203.2025.2500603