biostudies-literatureLaughon MMNICHD NIH HHSNCATS NIH HHS588-599https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12690482biostudies-literatureUnknown335(7)<h4>Importance</h4>The management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants is controversial.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether expectant management compared with active treatment of a protocol-defined PDA in preterm infants decreases the incidence of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A randomized clinical trial including infants born at 22 to 28 weeks' gestation and diagnosed with a protocol-defined PDA between the age of 48 hours and 21 days at screening. The trial was conducted from December 2018 to December 2024 at 33 hospitals within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. The final date of follow-up was June 2025.<h4>Interventions</h4>Infants with PDA were randomized to exJAMAExpectant Management vs Medication for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: The PDA Randomized Clinical Trial.PMC12690482UG1 HD068278UG1 HD027904UL1 TR001085UL1 TR001067UL1 TR001425UL1 TR001449UG1 HD034216UG1 HD112100UG1 HD027851UG1 HD027853UG1 HD087226UG1 HD040492UG1 HD068244U10 HD040492UG1 HD053109UG1 HD068263UL1 TR002489UL1 TR001117U24 HD095254UG1 HD053089UG1 HD112097UG1 HD112079UG1 HD040689UG1 HD112093UG1 HD021364UG1 HD027880Pierce RKawamura MGrisby CSheffield MJBentley DTalbert JMagana DKMcNair TEMcNamara PJSchibler KBrion LMoseley SScullin BSteinhorn RGentle SWatterberg KLAmbalavanan NRussell DCotten CMSlaughter JLDo BWalsh MCGoldberg RNDorner RFisher RBall MBBoylin EBenitz WEJohnson KJKapadia VSBell LMSalazar NJSnyder JWebbon MHMcKeown KKirker KStein MMarchant TLuzader PWalker JRBhatt AJMiller BCosby SSGerday EBHogden LAWard SMDonato JdeRegnier RABoyle RJGreen GTurner SMMontoya JDominguez GHenry RMazur ASt Pierre LJaleel MGhavam SMontoya CBeauman SSAliyev GKoo JBowman MSanchez PJFisher KAWoodbury KDThompson JPolin RADeMauro SBCarlo WAPucio RDixit HSBroadbent MTaylor NJMerhar SLFinkle JSmucny SDavis BBahr TMBear KLi EVan Meurs KPBoyle CBottcher DCobe CBeckford DRPetersen BJLewis ACotterman RHenning MMJones RRadcliff LGuillet RSalas AAHiggins RDRecine BPKicklighter SDReynolds AMMakhijani SWarnimont KCrisafulli MSullivan RAAllen MCInes FZola KBremer AAJensen RJackson WMYoder BAMcCool JReich BAJackson SKeszler MSauberan JMoore RPennington TRutkowska LAnderson KMancini TKennedy KANewman NSPatel RMReid CVan Muyden SLoertscher MCMendez GBabilonia-Rosa MSiner BSKuan ESepulveda PWeiner SJEichenwald ECHibbs AMBergstedt VClark CSabaratnam PBatterson NColeman KGoeke CAZaterka-Baxter KMConnor SGlaze MVyas-Read SMarzec LDeSantis BPeterson CAleem SShepherd SBledsoe LCHanlon CLaptook ARScorsone AMDuran JKramer HLaursen JRysavy MAEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research NetworkColaizy TTLemler MMcKenzie CChristensen SKim JPeirson AMoody SSJohnson SED'Angio CTSteinbrekera BBooth LArnell KClemons TFoshee KMKent ARoblyer LSchiering JBell EFDavis ASChang STice AMPickett JWBenz RLPuopolo KMSmall KWilson-Costello DECarlton DPBinion KParry DMMckee KKatheria AGambacorta MCWyckoff MHHess MMark EFGraber-Pels AHensman AMNaik TSchmidt KFamuyide MD'Alton MEStephens EKumar RVoelker KGleason CALoggins YMorris KKThomas SMBaserga MZettler EMackie CBenninger KBaserga MCMcGovern KChuck JEJohnson BAVieira EBuie CLTravers CPNelin MAWade JBaugher HSchmelzel MLDhawan MAOhls RKChock VYMoreland MChavez AWadkins HIMShukla VSRobinson DTGiachelli CALaughon MMStone CMuthig GPorras KWeaver-Lewis KFloyd LAaron Hamvas AHResetar MKhan AMTalliker ABose CLHodges SBeiersdorfer TArcher SWKnox JKing CRandle JMcGrath KMMinton SDAuman JOElmont JOCatts CElenkiwich CDas AMickelsen HGFuller JWillinger MOwen SEfalseExpectant Management vs Medication for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: The PDA Randomized Clinical Trial.<h4>Importance</h4>The management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants is controversial.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether expectant management compared with active treatment of a protocol-defined PDA in preterm infants decreases the incidence of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A randomized clinical trial including infants born at 22 to 28 weeks' gestation and diagnosed with a protocol-defined PDA between the age of 48 hours and 21 days at screening. The trial was conducted from December 2018 to December 2024 at 33 hospitals within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. The final date of follow-up was June 2025.<h4>Interventions</h4>Infants with PDA were randomized to ex2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-07-16T06:46:53.961Z2026-07-09T10:41:48.382ZS-EPMC126904824136468910.1001/jama.2025.23330