biostudies-literatureDhar ARJSPS KAKENHIthe Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN: a constituent member of NIHU), Japan3758https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12694435biostudies-literatureUnknown17(23)<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are essential macronutrients for crop production. However, their losses throughout the agri-food system pose significant environmental and public health risks. India, with its diverse dietary cultures and large agricultural sector, presents a unique context for evaluating nutrient footprints. This study aims to provide the first sub-national assessment of food-related N and P footprints across Indian states and union territories, evaluating how vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets influence these footprints. <b>Methods:</b> This study employed a diet-sensitive bottom-up approach using national dietary consumption statistics from 2011-2012 to estimate food N and P footprints. The analysis incorporated regional dietary profiles andNutrientsDietary Influences on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Footprints in Indian Food Systems: A State and Union Territory-Level Analysis.PMC1269443514200156JP19K20496Kaushik HAdhya TKOita ADhar ARMatsubae KPanda ANfalseDietary Influences on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Footprints in Indian Food Systems: A State and Union Territory-Level Analysis.<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are essential macronutrients for crop production. However, their losses throughout the agri-food system pose significant environmental and public health risks. India, with its diverse dietary cultures and large agricultural sector, presents a unique context for evaluating nutrient footprints. This study aims to provide the first sub-national assessment of food-related N and P footprints across Indian states and union territories, evaluating how vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets influence these footprints. <b>Methods:</b> This study employed a diet-sensitive bottom-up approach using national dietary consumption statistics from 2011-2012 to estimate food N and P footprints. The analysis incorporated regional dietary profiles and2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov2026-05-26T11:04:21.103Z2026-05-24T03:11:17.249ZS-EPMC126944354137404710.3390/nu17233758