biostudies-literatureUnknown40(12)Leta VVetenskapsrådetSkåne Health Care RegionNIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College LondonParkinson&apos;s UKFaculty of Medicine at Lund University (Multipark)Symprove LtdSwedish Research CouncilSwedish Parkinson AcademySwedish Parkinson FoundationParkinson's UK<h4>Background</h4>Gut dysbiosis and gut-brain-axis involvement in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) support the use of gut-microbiota-modulating interventions. Probiotics may help manage constipation in PwP; however, mechanisms underpinning additional beneficial properties are unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim was evaluating the effects of a probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium) on gut microbiota, inflammation, motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PwP and constipation.<h4>Methods</h4>In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT05146921), PwP and constipation were randomized (1:1) to receive either the probiotic (4.08 × 10⁸ CFU/mL) or placebo orally (70 mL/dMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2710-2721https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12710184biostudies-literatureEffects of a Four-Strain Probiotic on Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.PMC12710184Parry MFalup-Pecurariu CSauerbier APodlewska APariante CMLeta VVauzour DOdin PJernstedt FMoretto ERodriguez Blazquez CSportelli CBorsini ATimpka JRodriguez-Mateos Avan Vliet TRizos ABatzu LTrivedi Dvan Wamelen DJChung-Faye GMandal GGaisford SBonder ALLe Gall GRosqvist KMarsaux BStaunton JRay Chaudhuri KGhyselinck JZinzalias PfalseEffects of a Four-Strain Probiotic on Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.<h4>Background</h4>Gut dysbiosis and gut-brain-axis involvement in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) support the use of gut-microbiota-modulating interventions. Probiotics may help manage constipation in PwP; however, mechanisms underpinning additional beneficial properties are unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim was evaluating the effects of a probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium) on gut microbiota, inflammation, motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PwP and constipation.<h4>Methods</h4>In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT05146921), PwP and constipation were randomized (1:1) to receive either the probiotic (4.08 × 10⁸ CFU/mL) or placebo orally (70 mL/d2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-06T04:17:41.984Z2026-05-25T03:11:55.496ZS-EPMC127101844112678710.1002/mds.70047