biostudies-literatureMarcuzzi OCONICETThe University of TokyoUniversidad Nacional de Mar del PlataArgentine International Cooperation AgencyJapan Racing AssociationJSPS28https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12717166biostudies-literatureUnknown77(1)Genetic diversity of the bovine leukocyte antigen BoLA-DRB3 gene has been reported in cattle breeds due to its central role in immune response. However, the gene has been characterized in only a few Latin American native cattle breeds. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of this gene in other native bovine breeds from Argentina, Bolivia, Cuba, and Paraguay, thereby contributing to the global knowledge regarding BoLA-DRB3 diversity. The gene was genotyped using PCR-sequence-based typing; 60 reported alleles and one novel variant were identified. The observed and expected heterozygosity values were higher than 0.81, and only two populations showed deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Slatkin neutrality test indicated even allele distribution in one popuImmunogeneticsGenetic diversity of BoLA-DRB3 in Latin American Creole cattle: an update of the state of the art.PMC12717166PUE-2016 N◦22920160100004COV247L23509Giovambattista GMarcuzzi OOrtega Masague MFNagata FCastro Rojas LAMartinez RPereira Rico JAFukushi NWatanuki SLoza Vega AMatsuura RReinosa OUBao AAida YfalseGenetic diversity of BoLA-DRB3 in Latin American Creole cattle: an update of the state of the art.Genetic diversity of the bovine leukocyte antigen BoLA-DRB3 gene has been reported in cattle breeds due to its central role in immune response. However, the gene has been characterized in only a few Latin American native cattle breeds. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of this gene in other native bovine breeds from Argentina, Bolivia, Cuba, and Paraguay, thereby contributing to the global knowledge regarding BoLA-DRB3 diversity. The gene was genotyped using PCR-sequence-based typing; 60 reported alleles and one novel variant were identified. The observed and expected heterozygosity values were higher than 0.81, and only two populations showed deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Slatkin neutrality test indicated even allele distribution in one popu2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Sep2026-06-06T15:02:38.744Z2026-06-01T03:10:45.318ZS-EPMC127171664102096610.1007/s00251-025-01384-w