biostudies-literatureBianchi MEuropean Union - Next Generation EU within the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) THE-Tuscany Health Ecosystem, Spoke 7-Innovating Translational Medicine-Subproject 5-Innovative models for management of infections caused by antibiotic-resistantSFI Research Infrastructure Call 20121271https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12730115biostudies-literatureUnknown14(12)<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Postbiotics derived from lactic acid bacteria are emerging as promising antimicrobial agents due to their antibacterial, antibiofilm, and immunomodulatory properties. Among their metabolites, lactic acid (LA) is thought to play a major role in antimicrobial activity. This study investigated the proteomic response of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> cell-free supernatant (CFS) and compared it with that elicited by LA alone. <b>Methods:</b> Overnight bacterial cultures were exposed to sub-MIC LA or CFS (1:10 for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 1:8 for <i>S. aureus</i>; ~12.5-15.6 mM LA) for 6 h at 37 °C. Intracellular proteins were harvested and subsequently quantified and purified to be analysed by HAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)Proteomic Analysis of the Differential Response of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> Cell-Free Supernatant and Lactic Acid.PMC12730115Project code: ECS00000017; CUP I53C2200078000112/RI/2346 (3)Esin SKavanagh KBatoni GBianchi MMaisetta GfalseProteomic Analysis of the Differential Response of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> Cell-Free Supernatant and Lactic Acid.<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Postbiotics derived from lactic acid bacteria are emerging as promising antimicrobial agents due to their antibacterial, antibiofilm, and immunomodulatory properties. Among their metabolites, lactic acid (LA) is thought to play a major role in antimicrobial activity. This study investigated the proteomic response of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> cell-free supernatant (CFS) and compared it with that elicited by LA alone. <b>Methods:</b> Overnight bacterial cultures were exposed to sub-MIC LA or CFS (1:10 for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 1:8 for <i>S. aureus</i>; ~12.5-15.6 mM LA) for 6 h at 37 °C. Intracellular proteins were harvested and subsequently quantified and purified to be analysed by H2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-05-28T03:21:11.96Z2026-05-28T03:11:27.503ZS-EPMC127301154146377310.3390/antibiotics14121271