biostudies-literatureLi JInner Mongolia Autonomous Region Major Science and Technology Special ProjectKey Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Science and Technology DepartmentScience and Technology Leading Talent Team in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region259https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12751507biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)<h4>Background</h4>The pathogenesis of neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD), a critical disease that contributes to neonatal mortality in calves, remains nebulous.<h4>Results</h4>Inner Mongolia, a key region for cattle farming in China, was selected as a study area to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and treatment of calf diarrhoea. No significant correlation was found between the incidence of diarrhoea and sampling points or medications. The severity of diarrhoea cases was stratified into five levels based on faecal characteristics. To elucidate the pathogenesis of NCD, 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing analyses were performed across severity levels. Microbial diversity analyses revealed distinct variations in microbial communities at different severity levels. EmployiMicrobiomeCharacterising gut microbiome dysbiosis in diarrhoea calves from multiple farms in Inner Mongolia using 16S and metagenomics.PMC127515072022LJRC00092020ZD00062021GG0171Lai JLi JZhao XSun LLiu YLi YWang PDalai BZhang XMo ZJia XLuo XXu XGong GfalseCharacterising gut microbiome dysbiosis in diarrhoea calves from multiple farms in Inner Mongolia using 16S and metagenomics.<h4>Background</h4>The pathogenesis of neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD), a critical disease that contributes to neonatal mortality in calves, remains nebulous.<h4>Results</h4>Inner Mongolia, a key region for cattle farming in China, was selected as a study area to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and treatment of calf diarrhoea. No significant correlation was found between the incidence of diarrhoea and sampling points or medications. The severity of diarrhoea cases was stratified into five levels based on faecal characteristics. To elucidate the pathogenesis of NCD, 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing analyses were performed across severity levels. Microbial diversity analyses revealed distinct variations in microbial communities at different severity levels. Employi2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-06T09:03:24.893Z2026-05-28T03:10:49.428ZS-EPMC127515074146633110.1186/s40168-025-02198-4