biostudies-literatureTang HScientific Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong UniversityNatural Science Foundation of Shandong ProvinceNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaTaishan Scholars231https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12754980biostudies-literatureUnknown27(1)<h4>Background</h4>Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a prevalent inflammatory disease with unclear pathogenesis. Serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) has been implicated in osteoarthritis-related cartilage degeneration. This study investigated the role of SGK1 in a mouse model of TMJOA and explored its mechanism, focusing on SGK1's regulation of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and its subsequent effects on autophagy and extracellular matrix degradation in mouse condylar chondrocytes (MCCs).<h4>Methods</h4>A TMJOA model was established using unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC), and an SGK1 knockdown model was generated via intra-articular injection of AAV virus.<h4>Results</h4>SGK1 expression was significantly upregulated in condylar cartilage of UAC-induced TMJOA miceArthritis research & therapySGK1 triggers cartilage degradation in TMJOA via FoxO1/autophagy.PMC127549802019GN091ZR2025MS13658220109261771290tsqn201812137Ma CXu MChen LWu GTang HLi NfalseSGK1 triggers cartilage degradation in TMJOA via FoxO1/autophagy.<h4>Background</h4>Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a prevalent inflammatory disease with unclear pathogenesis. Serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) has been implicated in osteoarthritis-related cartilage degeneration. This study investigated the role of SGK1 in a mouse model of TMJOA and explored its mechanism, focusing on SGK1's regulation of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and its subsequent effects on autophagy and extracellular matrix degradation in mouse condylar chondrocytes (MCCs).<h4>Methods</h4>A TMJOA model was established using unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC), and an SGK1 knockdown model was generated via intra-articular injection of AAV virus.<h4>Results</h4>SGK1 expression was significantly upregulated in condylar cartilage of UAC-induced TMJOA mice2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-10T04:54:09.316Z2026-06-10T03:07:19.389ZS-EPMC127549804147000510.1186/s13075-025-03690-w