biostudies-literatureUnknown89(1)Jurado JAcid mine drainage (AMD) generated during coal mining activities is characterized by low pH, high concentrations of dissolved metals and metalloids, and elevated sulfate levels, all of which significantly impact surrounding ecosystems. Scaling up biochemical passive reactor (BPR) systems represents a promising approach for the in situ bioremediation of AMD. While numerous laboratory-scale studies have described the taxonomic and functional composition of microbial communities in BPRs, typically dominated by (ligno)cellulolytic organisms and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), it remains unclear whether this composition is maintained at the field-pilot scale under environmental conditions. To address this gap, 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding and shotgun metagenomics analyses were performed to charMicrobial ecology8https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12764544biostudies-literatureField-Scale AMD Remediation: Microbial Community Dynamics and Functional Insights in Biochemical Passive Reactors.PMC12764544Jurado JVillegas-Plazas MGarcia-Vega AVasquez YRoldan FfalseField-Scale AMD Remediation: Microbial Community Dynamics and Functional Insights in Biochemical Passive Reactors.Acid mine drainage (AMD) generated during coal mining activities is characterized by low pH, high concentrations of dissolved metals and metalloids, and elevated sulfate levels, all of which significantly impact surrounding ecosystems. Scaling up biochemical passive reactor (BPR) systems represents a promising approach for the in situ bioremediation of AMD. While numerous laboratory-scale studies have described the taxonomic and functional composition of microbial communities in BPRs, typically dominated by (ligno)cellulolytic organisms and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), it remains unclear whether this composition is maintained at the field-pilot scale under environmental conditions. To address this gap, 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding and shotgun metagenomics analyses were performed to char2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov2026-06-06T10:22:00.634Z2026-05-28T03:13:13.931ZS-EPMC127645444129121610.1007/s00248-025-02628-8