biostudies-literatureUnknown145(1)Piekos JATuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort using ADMIXTURE software. RePORT-Brazil is an observational prospective cohort study of individuals with newly-diagnosed, culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB. Outcomes attributed to TB treatment included Grade 2 or higher adverse drug reaction (ADR), Grade 3 or higher ADR, hepatic ADR, and failure/recurrence. Genetic ancestry proportions were evaluated as predictors in univaHuman genetics10https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12774987biostudies-literatureGenetic ancestry proportion influences risk of adverse events from tuberculosis treatment in Brazil.PMC12774987Rocha MRezende ASterling TRVelez Edwards DRde Oliveira JGSantos ARJaworski JTurner MFigueiredo MCSant'Anna FMSpener RHaas DWDurovni BAndrade BBCordeiro-Santos MCarvalho ACRegional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil consortiumBenjamin APiekos JAAmorim GKritski ALCavalcante SNogueira BRidolfi FRolla VCBrito AMarine JfalseGenetic ancestry proportion influences risk of adverse events from tuberculosis treatment in Brazil.Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort using ADMIXTURE software. RePORT-Brazil is an observational prospective cohort study of individuals with newly-diagnosed, culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB. Outcomes attributed to TB treatment included Grade 2 or higher adverse drug reaction (ADR), Grade 3 or higher ADR, hepatic ADR, and failure/recurrence. Genetic ancestry proportions were evaluated as predictors in univa2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Jan2026-07-15T13:15:02.334Z2026-07-05T03:08:26.87ZS-EPMC127749874149362410.1007/s00439-025-02809-y